Duncan E, Ashton L, Abdulai A R, Sawadogo-Lewis T, King S E, Fraser E D G, Vosti S, Haines J, Knight F, Roberton T
University of Guelph, Guelph, ON Canada.
Food Secur. 2022;14(3):657-675. doi: 10.1007/s12571-022-01262-3. Epub 2022 Feb 1.
To achieve the Sustainable Development Goal of zero hunger, multi-sectoral strategies to improve nutrition are necessary. Building towards this goal, the food and agriculture sector must be considered when designing nutritional interventions. Nevertheless, most frameworks designed to guide nutritional interventions do not adequately capture opportunities for integrating nutrition interventions within the food and agriculture sector. This paper aims to highlight how deeply connected the food and agriculture sector is to underlying causes of malnutrition and identify opportunities to better integrate the food and agriculture sector and nutrition in low and middle income countries. In particular, this paper: (1) expands on the UNICEF conceptual framework for undernutrition to integrate the food and agriculture sector and nutrition outcomes, (2) identifies how nutritional outcomes and agriculture are linked in six important ways by defining evidence-based food and agriculture system components within these pathways: as a source of food, as a source of income, through food prices, women's empowerment, women's utilization of time, and women's health and nutritional status, and (3) shows that the food and agriculture sector facilitates interventions through production, processing and consumption, as well as through farmer practices and behavior. Current frameworks used to guide nutrition interventions are designed from a health sector paradigm, leaving agricultural aspects not sufficiently leveraged. This paper concludes by proposing intervention opportunities to rectify the missed opportunities generated by this approach. Program design should consider the ways that the food and agriculture sector is linked to other critical sectors to comprehensively address malnutrition. This framework is designed to help the user to begin to identify intervention sites that may be considered when planning and implementing multi-sectoral nutrition programs.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12571-022-01262-3.
为实现零饥饿的可持续发展目标，有必要采取多部门战略来改善营养状况。朝着这一目标努力时，在设计营养干预措施时必须考虑粮食和农业部门。然而，大多数旨在指导营养干预措施的框架并未充分把握将营养干预措施纳入粮食和农业部门的机会。本文旨在强调粮食和农业部门与营养不良根本原因的紧密联系，并确定在低收入和中等收入国家更好地整合粮食和农业部门与营养的机会。具体而言，本文：（1）扩展了联合国儿童基金会关于营养不良的概念框架，以整合粮食和农业部门与营养成果；（2）通过定义这些途径中基于证据的粮食和农业系统组成部分，确定营养成果与农业在六个重要方面的联系：作为食物来源、作为收入来源、通过食品价格、妇女赋权、妇女时间利用以及妇女健康和营养状况；（3）表明粮食和农业部门通过生产、加工和消费，以及通过农民实践和行为促进干预措施。目前用于指导营养干预措施的框架是从卫生部门范式设计的，没有充分利用农业方面。本文最后提出干预机会，以纠正这种方法产生的错失机会。方案设计应考虑粮食和农业部门与其他关键部门的联系方式，以全面解决营养不良问题。该框架旨在帮助用户开始确定在规划和实施多部门营养方案时可能考虑的干预点。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s12571-022-01262-3获取的补充材料。
