Sohel Md, Sultana Habiba, Sultana Tayeba, Al Amin Md, Aktar Suraiya, Ali Md Chayan, Rahim Zahed Bin, Hossain Md Arju, Al Mamun Abdullah, Amin Mohammad Nurul, Dash Raju
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh.
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2022 Jan 23;8(1):e08815. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08815. eCollection 2022 Jan.
Cancer has become a significant concern in the medical sector with increasing disease complexity. Although some available conventional treatments are still a blessing for cancer patients, short-and long-term adverse effects and poor efficiency make it more difficult to treat cancer patients, demonstrating the need for new potent and selective anticancer drugs. In search of potent anticancer agents, naturally occurring compounds have always been admired due to their structural diversity, where Hesperetin (HSP) may be one of the potent candidates.
We aimed to summarize all sources, pharmacological properties, anticancer activities of HSP against numerous cancers types through targeting multiple pathological processes, mechanism of HSP on sensitizing the current anti-cancer agents and other phytochemicals, overcoming resistance pattern and determining absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADME/Tox).
Information was retrieved from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar based on some key points like Hesperetin, cancer name, anticancer resistance, nanoformulation, and ADME/Tox was determined by approaches.
HSP is a phytoestrogen present in citrus fruits in a high concentration (several hundred mg/kg) and exhibited anti-cancer activities through interfering at several pathways. HSP can suppress tumor formation by targeting several cellular proteins such as cell cycle regulatory, apoptosis, metastatic, tyrosine kinase, growth factor receptor, estrogen metabolism, and antioxidant-related protein.HSP has shown remarkable synergistic properties in combination therapy and has been reported to overcome multidrug cancer resistance drugs, leading to an improved defensive mechanism. These anticancer activities of HSP may be due to proper structural chemistry.
Overall, HSP showed potential anticancer activities against all cancer and possess better pharmacokinetic properties. So this phytochemical alone or combination with other agents can be an effective alternative drug for cancer treatment.
随着疾病复杂性的增加，癌症已成为医疗领域的一个重大问题。尽管一些现有的传统治疗方法对癌症患者来说仍是福音，但短期和长期的不良反应以及低效性使得治疗癌症患者变得更加困难，这表明需要新的强效和选择性抗癌药物。在寻找强效抗癌药物的过程中，天然存在的化合物因其结构多样性而一直备受青睐，其中橙皮素（HSP）可能是强效候选药物之一。
我们旨在总结HSP的所有来源、药理特性、针对多种癌症类型的抗癌活性，包括通过靶向多个病理过程、HSP对当前抗癌药物和其他植物化学物质的致敏机制、克服耐药模式以及确定其吸收、分布、代谢、排泄和毒性（ADME/Tox）。
基于一些关键点，如橙皮素、癌症名称、抗癌耐药性、纳米制剂等，从PubMed、Science Direct和谷歌学术中检索信息，并通过相关方法确定ADME/Tox。
HSP是一种高浓度存在于柑橘类水果中的植物雌激素（数百毫克/千克），通过干扰多种途径表现出抗癌活性。HSP可以通过靶向多种细胞蛋白来抑制肿瘤形成，这些蛋白包括细胞周期调节蛋白、凋亡蛋白、转移蛋白、酪氨酸激酶、生长因子受体、雌激素代谢蛋白和抗氧化相关蛋白。HSP在联合治疗中显示出显著的协同特性，并且据报道可以克服多药耐药性癌症药物，从而改善防御机制。HSP的这些抗癌活性可能归因于其合适的结构化学。
总体而言，HSP对所有癌症均显示出潜在的抗癌活性，并具有更好的药代动力学特性。因此，这种植物化学物质单独使用或与其他药物联合使用可以成为癌症治疗的有效替代药物。
