移民对健康生活和健康生活方式咨询的看法：一项焦点小组研究。
Immigrants' perspectives on healthy life and healthy lifestyle counseling: a focus group study.
机构信息
Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Finland.
Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland.
出版信息
Scand J Public Health. 2023 May;51(3):371-380. doi: 10.1177/14034948221075021. Epub 2022 Feb 8.
BACKGROUND
Immigrants have a higher risk of developing chronic diseases than the general population, but there is a lack of knowledge about appropriate counseling models to promote their health. This study aimed to explore Asian and Russian immigrants' perspectives in Finland on healthy lifestyle and healthy lifestyle counseling to improve the quality of the counseling in primary health care services to prevent type 2 diabetes and other chronic diseases.
METHODS
We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured questions for eight focus groups. The participants were 46 adult immigrants (21 Asian and 25 Russian) living legally in Finland. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed using deductive content analysis.
RESULTS
We identified three themes regarding healthy lifestyle: (1) limited knowledge on different dimensions of healthy lifestyle, (2) understanding the impact of culture and community on healthy living, and (3) changing the lifestyle to live healthier after immigration. Moreover, we found three themes regarding healthy lifestyle counseling: (1) shortcomings in health care for providing healthy lifestyle counseling, such as lack of educational materials and miscommunication, (2) influential individual factors for using healthy lifestyle counseling, such as stress, and (3) positive outcomes of healthy lifestyle counseling.
CONCLUSION
背景
移民比一般人群患慢性病的风险更高，但对于促进其健康的适当咨询模式知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨芬兰的亚洲和俄罗斯移民对健康生活方式和健康生活方式咨询的看法，以提高初级保健服务中预防 2 型糖尿病和其他慢性病的咨询质量。
方法
我们使用半结构化问题进行了一项定性研究，共进行了 8 个焦点小组。参与者为 46 名成年移民（21 名亚洲人和 25 名俄罗斯人），他们在芬兰合法居住。采访逐字记录、编码，并使用演绎内容分析法进行分析。
结果
我们确定了健康生活方式的三个主题：（1）对健康生活方式不同方面的知识有限，（2）了解文化和社区对健康生活的影响，（3）移民后改变生活方式以更健康地生活。此外，我们还发现了健康生活方式咨询的三个主题：（1）医疗保健在提供健康生活方式咨询方面的不足，例如缺乏教育材料和沟通不畅，（2）影响使用健康生活方式咨询的个体因素，例如压力，（3）健康生活方式咨询的积极结果。
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