人工智能：医学领域当前及未来应用综述
Artificial Intelligence: Review of Current and Future Applications in Medicine.
作者信息
Thomas L Brannon, Mastorides Stephen M, Viswanadhan Narayan A, Jakey Colleen E, Borkowski Andrew A
机构信息
James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida.
University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa.
出版信息
Fed Pract. 2021 Nov;38(11):527-538. doi: 10.12788/fp.0174.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in health care is expanding rapidly. Currently, there are at least 29 US Food and Drug Administration-approved AI health care devices that apply to numerous medical specialties and many more are in development.
OBSERVATIONS
With increasing expectations for all health care sectors to deliver timely, fiscally-responsible, high-quality health care, AI has potential utility in numerous areas, such as image analysis, improved workflow and efficiency, public health, and epidemiology, to aid in processing large volumes of patient and medical data. In this review, we describe basic terminology, principles, and general AI applications relating to health care. We then discuss current and future applications for a variety of medical specialties. Finally, we discuss the future potential of AI along with the potential risks and limitations of current AI technology.
CONCLUSIONS
AI can improve diagnostic accuracy, increase patient safety, assist with patient triage, monitor disease progression, and assist with treatment decisions.
摘要
背景
人工智能（AI）在医疗保健领域的作用正在迅速扩大。目前，美国食品药品监督管理局至少批准了29种适用于众多医学专业的人工智能医疗保健设备，还有更多设备正在研发中。
观察结果
随着对所有医疗保健部门提供及时、经济上负责、高质量医疗保健的期望不断提高，人工智能在图像分析、改进工作流程和效率、公共卫生和流行病学等众多领域具有潜在用途，有助于处理大量患者和医疗数据。在本综述中，我们描述了与医疗保健相关的基本术语、原理和一般人工智能应用。然后，我们讨论了各种医学专业的当前和未来应用。最后，我们讨论了人工智能的未来潜力以及当前人工智能技术的潜在风险和局限性。
结论
人工智能可以提高诊断准确性、增强患者安全性、协助患者分诊、监测疾病进展并协助治疗决策。
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