Retired Head & Neck Surgeon, Former Head of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Department at the Humanitas San Pio X Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Pan Afr Med J. 2021 Dec 4;40:201. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2021.40.201.31211. eCollection 2021.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is a major health concern and is affecting the socio-economic lives. As other highly contagious diseases, it is of outmost importance to early identify and treat the healthy carriers or positive asymptomatic subjects (PAS). SARS-CoV-2 entry points are mainly in the respiratory tract. No specific virucidal treatments against SARS-CoV-2 are currently available. Monoclonal antibodies are under evaluation, but high cost and possible ineffectiveness against virus variants could limit its use. Resorting nonspecific drugs is an alternative approach. Among them, ethanol (EtOH) is known to be a powerful, cost-effective and abundant virucidal agent, now advised for surgical hand and surfaces disinfection. The paper aims to determine the potential role of inhaled ethanol to disinfect SARS-CoV-2 PAS, taking into account the dimension of the problem, ethanol efficiency and other beneficial effects on the respiratory tract, ethanol local and general toxicity and ethanol therapeutic window; consequently, to propose a study in order to verify this hypothesis. Together with the consolidated knowledge, an extensive review of the medical literature has been carried out looking for sound data able to support (or discard) the rationale on which a study could be built up. Evident data supporting the inhaled ethanol potential role on SARS-CoV-2 PAS disinfection have been found and discussed. A clinical trial to test the hypothesis that inhaled ethanol could be rapidly efficient in lowering or eradicating SARS-CoV-2 from the respiratory tract in PAS is advisable. Individual and public health benefits are stressed, together with socio-economic positive fallouts.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 大流行是一个主要的健康关注点,正在影响社会经济生活。与其他高传染性疾病一样,及早发现和治疗健康携带者或阳性无症状者 (PAS) 至关重要。SARS-CoV-2 的进入点主要在呼吸道。目前尚无针对 SARS-CoV-2 的特异性抗病毒治疗方法。单克隆抗体正在评估中,但高成本和对病毒变异体可能无效可能会限制其使用。使用非特异性药物是一种替代方法。其中,乙醇 (EtOH) 是一种众所周知的强效、经济高效且丰富的抗病毒剂,现已被建议用于外科手部和表面消毒。本文旨在考虑到问题的规模、乙醇的效率以及对呼吸道的其他有益影响、乙醇的局部和全身毒性以及乙醇的治疗窗口,确定吸入乙醇对 SARS-CoV-2 PAS 进行消毒的潜在作用,并提出一项研究以验证这一假设。结合已有的知识,对医学文献进行了广泛的回顾,寻找能够支持(或反驳)建立研究基础的合理依据的可靠数据。已经发现并讨论了支持吸入乙醇对 SARS-CoV-2 PAS 消毒具有潜在作用的明显数据。建议进行一项临床试验,以检验吸入乙醇是否能迅速有效地降低或消除 PAS 中呼吸道中的 SARS-CoV-2 的假设。强调了个人和公共卫生的益处,以及社会经济的积极影响。