Key Laboratory of Biology and Utilization of Biological Resources of Coastal Zone, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China.
Center for Ocean Mag-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
Microb Biotechnol. 2022 Mar;15(3):738-754. doi: 10.1111/1751-7915.14014. Epub 2022 Feb 8.
In the ocean, seaweed and microorganisms have coexisted since the earliest stages of evolution and formed an inextricable relationship. Recently, seaweed has attracted extensive attention worldwide for ecological and industrial purposes, but the function of its closely related microbes is often ignored. Microbes play an indispensable role in different stages of seaweed growth, development and maturity. A very diverse group of seaweed-associated microbes have important functions and are dynamically reconstructed as the marine environment fluctuates, forming an inseparable 'holobiont' with their host. To further understand the function and significance of holobionts, this review first reports on recent advances in revealing seaweed-associated microbe spatial and temporal distribution. Then, this review discusses the microbe and seaweed interactions and their ecological significance, and summarizes the current applications of the seaweed-microbe relationship in various environmental and biological technologies. Sustainable industries based on seaweed holobionts could become an integral part of the future bioeconomy because they can provide more resource-efficient food, high-value chemicals and medical materials. Moreover, holobionts may provide a new approach to marine environment restoration.
在海洋中，海藻和微生物自进化的早期就共存，并形成了一种不可分割的关系。最近，海藻因其生态和工业用途而引起了全球广泛关注，但与其密切相关的微生物的功能往往被忽视。微生物在海藻生长、发育和成熟的不同阶段都起着不可或缺的作用。非常多样化的海藻相关微生物具有重要的功能，并随着海洋环境的波动而动态重构，与宿主形成不可分割的“整体生物”。为了进一步了解整体生物的功能和意义，本综述首先报告了揭示海藻相关微生物时空分布的最新进展。然后，本综述讨论了微生物与海藻的相互作用及其生态意义，并总结了海藻-微生物关系在各种环境和生物技术中的当前应用。基于海藻整体生物的可持续产业可能成为未来生物经济的一个组成部分，因为它们可以提供更高效利用资源的食物、高价值化学品和医用材料。此外，整体生物可能为海洋环境的恢复提供一种新方法。
