Pigakis Konstantinos M, Stavrou Vasileios T, Pantazopoulos Ioannis, Daniil Zoe, Kontopodi Aggeliki K, Gourgoulianis Konstantinos
Respiratory Medicine, Creta Interclinic Hospital, Heraklion, GRC.
Pulmonology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, GRC.
Cureus. 2022 Jan 3;14(1):e20898. doi: 10.7759/cureus.20898. eCollection 2022 Jan.
Exercise is one of the most common triggers of exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB), with less trained athletes showing more symptoms. Exercise-induced bronchospasm is a common and frequent problem among elite athletes with obvious implications on competing performance, health, and quality of life. Classical pathways in the development of EIB in this population include the osmotic and the thermal theory as well as the presence of epithelial injury and inflammation in the airway. Moreover, neuronic stimulation has been suggested as a potential modulator of EIB in elite athletes. In this category of population, the diagnosis of EIB is a serious challenge, especially as spirometry before and after bronchodilation is not diagnostic and specific tests are required. To date, there is no organized screening in asymptomatic elite athletes to detect EIB. This review aims to summarize the pathophysiology, clinical manipulations, and therapeutic approach of EIB in elite athletes. We searched for published studies related to the aim of this study. Exercise-induced bronchospasm is a serious and common disorder in elite athletes, and its symptoms are nonspecific with a need to confirm the diagnosis with specific tests.
运动是运动诱发支气管痉挛（EIB）最常见的触发因素之一，训练较少的运动员症状更明显。运动诱发支气管痉挛在精英运动员中是一个常见且频发的问题，对竞技表现、健康和生活质量有明显影响。该人群中EIB发生的经典途径包括渗透和热理论以及气道上皮损伤和炎症的存在。此外，神经刺激被认为是精英运动员EIB的潜在调节因素。在这类人群中，EIB的诊断是一项严峻挑战，尤其是支气管扩张前后的肺活量测定并无诊断价值，需要进行特定检测。迄今为止，尚无针对无症状精英运动员进行EIB检测的有组织筛查。本综述旨在总结精英运动员EIB的病理生理学、临床处理和治疗方法。我们检索了与本研究目的相关的已发表研究。运动诱发支气管痉挛在精英运动员中是一种严重且常见的疾病，其症状不具有特异性，需要通过特定检测来确诊。
