Zhuang Xiaoyan, Zhang Yonghui, Xiao An-Feng, Zhang Aihui, Fang Baishan
College of Food and Biology Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China.
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 Jan 25;10:826008. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.826008. eCollection 2022.
With the advancement of science, technology, and productivity, the rapid development of industrial production, transportation, and the exploitation of fossil fuels has gradually led to the accumulation of greenhouse gases and deterioration of global warming. Carbon neutrality is a balance between absorption and emissions achieved by minimizing carbon dioxide (CO) emissions from human social productive activity through a series of initiatives, including energy substitution and energy efficiency improvement. Then CO was offset through forest carbon sequestration and captured at last. Therefore, efficiently reducing CO emissions and enhancing CO capture are a matter of great urgency. Because many species have the natural CO capture properties, more and more scientists focus their attention on developing the biological carbon sequestration technique and further combine with synthetic biotechnology and electricity. In this article, the advances of the synthetic biotechnology method for the most promising organisms were reviewed, such as cyanobacteria, , and yeast, in which the metabolic pathways were reconstructed to enhance the efficiency of CO capture and product synthesis. Furthermore, the electrically driven microbial and enzyme engineering processes are also summarized, in which the critical role and principle of electricity in the process of CO capture are canvassed. This review provides detailed summary and analysis of CO capture through synthetic biotechnology, which also pave the way for implementing electrically driven combined strategies.
随着科学、技术和生产力的进步，工业生产、交通运输的快速发展以及化石燃料的开采，逐渐导致温室气体的积累和全球变暖的加剧。碳中和是通过一系列举措，包括能源替代和能源效率提升，将人类社会生产活动中的二氧化碳（CO）排放降至最低，从而实现吸收与排放之间的平衡。然后通过森林碳固存来抵消并最终捕获CO。因此，有效减少CO排放并增强CO捕获迫在眉睫。由于许多物种具有天然的CO捕获特性，越来越多的科学家将注意力集中在开发生物碳固存技术，并进一步与合成生物技术和电力相结合。在本文中，综述了最具潜力的生物体（如蓝细菌、 和酵母）的合成生物技术方法的进展，其中代谢途径被重新构建以提高CO捕获和产物合成的效率。此外，还总结了电驱动的微生物和酶工程过程，探讨了电在CO捕获过程中的关键作用和原理。本综述对通过合成生物技术进行的CO捕获提供了详细的总结和分析，也为实施电驱动的联合策略铺平了道路。 （注：原文中“ ”处内容缺失）
