鳄梨渣作为新型膳食纤维源对膨化犬粮营养及理化特性的影响。

Nutritional and physico-chemical implications of avocado meal as a novel dietary fiber source in an extruded canine diet.

机构信息

Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.

Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 2022 Feb 1;100(2). doi: 10.1093/jas/skac026.

DOI:10.1093/jas/skac026

PMID:35148409

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8835640/

Abstract

This study assessed the effects of a diet containing avocado meal (AMD), an underutilized by-product avocado oil processing, on apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and fecal fermentative end-products when compared with beet pulp (BPD) and cellulose (CD) diets targeting 15% total dietary fiber (TDF). The concentration of persin, a natural fungicidal toxin present in avocado, was also determined on several parts of the fruit and avocado meal. Nine intact female beagles (4.9 ± 0.6 yr and 11.98 ± 1.76 kg) were randomly grouped in a 3 × 3 replicated Latin square design. Periods were 14 d long, with 10 d of adaptation followed by 4 d of total fecal and urine collection for apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) calculations. Fresh fecals were analyzed for fermentative end-products. The BPD (87.0 g/d) caused higher (P < 0.05) fecal output (as-is basis) than AMD (62.3 g/d) and CD (58.0 g/d). Fecal score for the BPD (3.1) was greater (P < 0.05) than for AMD (2.8) or CD (2.6). Acid-hydrolyzed fat ATTD was lower (P < 0.05) for the BPD (94.1%) than for the AMD (95.5%) and CD (95.7%). Crude protein ATTD was greater (P < 0.05) for the CD (88.5%) than the AMD (82.2%) or BPD (83.7%). Dogs fed AMD (49.9%) or BPD (51.0%) exhibited greater (P < 0.05) TDF ATTD than CD. The fermentative profile for the AMD (233.4, 70.9, 8.8, and 12.0 μmole/g DM, respectively) was similar (P > 0.05) to the CD (132.9, 61.7, 7.5, and 9.5 μmole/g DM, respectively) profile, with lower (P < 0.05) concentrations of acetate and propionate and higher (P < 0.05) concentrations of isovalerate and indoles compared to the BPD. Dogs fed AMD (47.0 μmole/g DM) or BPD (54.2 μmole/g DM) exhibited similar (P > 0.05) fecal butyrate concentrations greater (P < 0.05) than for CD (24.7 μmole/g DM). Given these results, avocado meal appears to be an adequate dietary fiber source when compared with traditional fiber sources used in canine diets. No health adverse effects were observed in dogs fed extruded diet containing as much as 18% of avocado meal (as-is basis).

摘要

本研究评估了含有鳄梨粉（AMD）的饮食对表观全肠道消化率（ATTD）和粪便发酵终产物的影响，与甜菜浆（BPD）和纤维素（CD）饮食相比，这些饮食的目标是 15%的总膳食纤维（TDF）。还在鳄梨的几个部位和鳄梨粉上测定了天然真菌毒素persin 的浓度。9 只完整的雌性比格犬（4.9±0.6 岁，11.98±1.76kg）随机分为 3×3 重复拉丁方设计。每个周期持续 14 天，其中 10 天为适应期，然后进行 4 天的总粪便和尿液收集，以计算表观全肠道消化率（ATTD）。新鲜粪便用于分析发酵终产物。BPD（87.0g/d）的粪便产量（原样基础）高于 AMD（62.3g/d）和 CD（58.0g/d）（P<0.05）。BPD 的粪便评分（3.1）高于 AMD（2.8）或 CD（2.6）（P<0.05）。BPD 的酸水解脂肪 ATTD 低于 AMD（95.5%）和 CD（95.7%）（P<0.05）。CD 的粗蛋白 ATTD 大于 AMD（82.2%）或 BPD（83.7%）（P<0.05）。饲喂 AMD（49.9%）或 BPD（51.0%）的狗的 TDF ATTD 大于 CD（P<0.05）。AMD（233.4、70.9、8.8 和 12.0μmole/g DM，分别）的发酵谱与 CD（132.9、61.7、7.5 和 9.5μmole/g DM，分别）相似（P>0.05），与 BPD 相比，乙酸盐和丙酸盐的浓度较低（P<0.05），异戊酸盐和吲哚的浓度较高（P<0.05）。饲喂 AMD（47.0μmole/g DM）或 BPD（54.2μmole/g DM）的狗的粪便丁酸浓度相似（P>0.05），高于 CD（24.7μmole/g DM）。鉴于这些结果，与犬粮中常用的传统纤维来源相比，鳄梨粉似乎是一种合适的膳食纤维来源。饲喂含有高达 18%的鳄梨粉（原样基础）的膨化饮食的狗未观察到任何健康不良影响。