Public Health Service (GGD) Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022 Apr;21(4):1361-1368. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14840. Epub 2022 Feb 23.
Soft tissue fillers are used for cosmetic and reconstructive purposes, and soft tissue filler procedures are among the most common nonsurgical procedures in the USA. Although soft tissue filler procedures are relatively quick and safe, adverse events such as late inflammatory reactions have been reported with every filler product. Infections and vaccinations have been proposed as potential triggers for late inflammatory reactions (LIRs), and it is therefore not surprising that these adverse events have been reported after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. Therefore, this review aims to give a detailed overview of these cases.
A literature search was undertaken on LIRs in patients with a history of soft tissue filler use after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. This systematic review was reported according to the PRISMA guidelines. We searched the electronic database PubMed from January 2020 to August 2021. Data on patient characteristics, filler characteristics, clinical findings, and treatment options were included.
This review included 7 articles with a total of 19 patients with LIRs after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. Three patients with postinfection LIRs and 16 patients with postvaccination LIRs were reported. These LIRS mainly occurred in females who had HA injections for cosmetic purposes. Three patients with postinfection LIRs had symptoms of facial swelling and/or lip angioedema in a matter of weeks. Sixteen patients reported reactions after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (13 following Moderna vaccination and 3 after Pfizer vaccination, after both the first and second doses) from 13 hours up to three weeks. These patients presented with similar clinical symptoms as patients with postinfection LIRs. All patients were treated in a conservative manner.
This review shows a relationship between LIRs and SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. In the case of vaccination, these adverse events have been reported only after Moderna and Pfizer vaccinations. The reported adverse events are generally minor and self-limiting, and we encourage patients with soft tissue fillers to participate in vaccination programs.
软组织填充剂用于美容和重建目的，软组织填充剂程序是美国最常见的非手术程序之一。尽管软组织填充剂程序相对快速且安全，但每种填充剂产品都报告了迟发性炎症反应等不良事件。感染和疫苗接种已被提议作为迟发性炎症反应（LIR）的潜在触发因素，因此，在 SARS-CoV-2 感染和接种疫苗后报告这些不良事件并不奇怪。因此，本综述旨在详细概述这些病例。
对有软组织填充剂使用史的患者在 SARS-CoV-2 感染或接种疫苗后发生 LIR 的病例进行了文献检索。本系统综述按照 PRISMA 指南进行报告。我们从 2020 年 1 月至 2021 年 8 月在电子数据库 PubMed 中进行了搜索。纳入了患者特征、填充剂特征、临床发现和治疗选择的数据。
本综述包括 7 篇文章，共 19 例 SARS-CoV-2 感染或接种疫苗后发生 LIR 的患者。报告了 3 例感染后 LIR 和 16 例接种后 LIR。这些 LIRS 主要发生在因美容目的接受 HA 注射的女性中。3 例感染后 LIR 的患者在数周内出现面部肿胀和/或唇部血管性水肿的症状。16 例患者在 SARS-CoV-2 接种疫苗后报告了反应（13 例在 Moderna 接种疫苗后，3 例在 Pfizer 接种疫苗后，在第一和第二剂后），从 13 小时到三周不等。这些患者表现出与感染后 LIR 患者相似的临床症状。所有患者均接受保守治疗。
本综述表明 LIR 与 SARS-CoV-2 感染和疫苗接种之间存在关联。在接种疫苗的情况下，这些不良事件仅在 Moderna 和 Pfizer 接种疫苗后报告。报告的不良事件通常较轻且自限性，我们鼓励接受软组织填充剂的患者参与疫苗接种计划。
