Le Dinh Phung, van der Peet-Schwering Carola M C, Ogink Nico W M, Aarnink André J A
Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Faculty of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University, 102 Phung Hung, Hue, Vietnam.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Jan 18;12(3):229. doi: 10.3390/ani12030229.
This study aimed to investigate the impact of decreased crude protein (CP) levels (by 2% units) or acidifying diets (by adding 10 g benzoic acid/kg diet in combination with replacing a part of CaCO by about 10 g Ca-formate/kg diet) on urine, feces and manure composition and ammonia emissions from growing and finishing pig houses. Yorkshire x F1(Landrace x Yorkshire) pigs (n = 576) with an initial body weight of 24.9 ± 3.4 kg were randomly allocated to four treatments of (i) a control diet with normal protein content and no acidifying components added; (ii) a diet with 2% units CP reduction; (iii) a diet with an acidifying effect on the manure; (iv) or a diet consisting of a combination of diet (ii) and (iii). Pigs were housed in four mechanically ventilated and temperature-controlled rooms. Results showed that decreasing the dietary CP levels by 2% units reduced the ammonia emission from the floor by 46% ( = 0.06) and from the pig house by 31% ( = 0.08). Decreased CP diets reduced the total N in feces and in manure and NH-N in the manure, as well as the ammonia concentration at 1 cm and 10 cm above the manure surface ( < 0.05). However, acidifying diets failed to reduce ammonia emissions from the floor and the pig house ( > 0.05). Reducing dietary crude protein is, therefore, a solution to reducing ammonia emissions from pig houses.
本研究旨在调查降低粗蛋白（CP）水平（降低2个百分点）或酸化日粮（通过在每千克日粮中添加10克苯甲酸并同时用约10克甲酸钙替代部分碳酸钙）对生长育肥猪舍尿液、粪便和粪肥成分以及氨气排放的影响。初始体重为24.9±3.4千克的约克夏×F1（长白×约克夏）猪（n = 576）被随机分配到四种处理组：（i）正常蛋白质含量且未添加酸化成分的对照日粮；（ii）CP水平降低2个百分点的日粮；（iii）对粪肥有酸化作用的日粮；（iv）由日粮（ii）和（iii）组合而成的日粮。猪被饲养在四个机械通风且温度可控的房间。结果表明，将日粮CP水平降低2个百分点可使地面氨气排放量降低46%（P = 0.06），猪舍氨气排放量降低31%（P = 0.08）。降低CP的日粮可降低粪便和粪肥中的总氮以及粪肥中的NH₃-N，还有粪肥表面1厘米和10厘米处的氨气浓度（P < 0.05）。然而，酸化日粮未能降低地面和猪舍的氨气排放（P > 0.05）。因此，降低日粮粗蛋白是减少猪舍氨气排放的一种解决办法。
