Promoter Polymorphisms Are Independent Predictors of Survival in Patients with Triple Negative Breast Cancer.

In breast cancer, the promising efficacy of farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs) in preclinical studies is in contrast to only limited effects in clinical Phase II-III trials. The objective of this study was to explore the clinical relevance of farnesyltransferase β-subunit () single nucleotide promoter polymorphisms (-173 6G > 5G (rs3215788), -609 G > C (rs11623866) and -179 T > A (rs192403314)) in early breast cancer. genotyping was performed by pyrosequencing in 797 patients from a prospective multicentre observational PiA trial (NCT01592825). In the total cohort, the -173 6G > 5G polymorphism was an independent predictor of RFI (HR = 0.568; 95% CI = 0.339-0.949, = 0.031), OS (HR = 0.629; 95% CI = 0.403-0.980, = 0.040) and BCSS (HR = 0.433; 95% CI = 0.213-0.882; = 0.021), whereas the -609 G > C polymorphism was an independent predictor of RFI (HR = 0.453; 95% CI = 0.226-0.910, = 0.026) and BCSS (HR = 0.227; 95% CI = 0.075-0.687, = 0.009). Subtype analysis revealed the independent prognostic relevance of promoter polymorphisms, particularly in TNBC but not in luminal or HER2-positive intrinsic subtypes. Finally, we used electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) to confirm in vitro that the polymorphism -173 6G > 5G resulted in the differential binding of nuclear proteins from five different breast cancer cell lines. This is the first study on breast cancer suggesting that promoter polymorphisms (i) are independent prognostic biomarkers, particularly in patients with early TNBC, and (ii) could modulate 's transcriptional activity.