Midão Luís, Almada Marta, Carrilho Joana, Sampaio Rute, Costa Elísio
Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jan 20;19(3):1135. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19031135.
Concerns, behaviours, and beliefs influence how people deal with COVID-19. Understanding the factors influencing adherence behaviour is of utmost importance to develop tailored interventions to increase adherence within this context. Hence, we aimed to understand how COVID-19 affected adherence behaviour in Portugal. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between 1 March and 3 April 2021. Descriptive statistics were performed, as well as univariable and multivariable regression models. Of the 1202 participants, 476 who were taking at least one medication prescribed by the doctor were selected. Of these, 78.2% were female, and the mean age was 40.3 ± 17.9 years old. About 74.2% were classified as being highly adherent. During the pandemic, 8.2% of participants reported that their adherence improved, while 5.9% had worsened adherence results. Compared with being single, widowers were 3 times more prone to be less adherent (OR:3.390 [1.106-10.390], = 0.033). Comorbid patients were 1.8 times (OR:1.824 [1.155-2.881], = 0.010) more prone to be less adherent. Participants who reported that COVID-19 negatively impacted their adherence were 5.6 times more prone to be less adherent, compared with those who reported no changes (OR:5.576 [2.420-12.847], < 0.001). None of the other variables showed to be significantly associated with pharmacological adherence.
担忧、行为和信念会影响人们应对新冠疫情的方式。了解影响依从行为的因素对于制定针对性干预措施以在此背景下提高依从性至关重要。因此，我们旨在了解新冠疫情如何影响葡萄牙的依从行为。于2021年3月1日至4月3日开展了一项横断面在线调查。进行了描述性统计以及单变量和多变量回归模型分析。在1202名参与者中，选取了476名正在服用至少一种医生开的药物的参与者。其中，78.2%为女性，平均年龄为40.3±17.9岁。约74.2%的人被归类为高度依从。在疫情期间，8.2%的参与者报告其依从性有所提高，而5.9%的参与者依从性变差。与单身相比，鳏夫依从性较差的可能性高3倍（比值比：3.390[1.106 - 10.390]，P = 0.033）。合并症患者依从性较差的可能性高1.8倍（比值比：1.824[1.155 - 2.881]，P = 0.010）。报告新冠疫情对其依从性有负面影响的参与者，与报告无变化的参与者相比，依从性较差的可能性高5.6倍（比值比：5.576[2.420 - 12.847]，P < 0.001）。其他变量均未显示与药物依从性有显著关联。
