School of Management, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China.
School of Economic and Management, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jan 22;19(3):1226. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19031226.
In the face of the severe challenge of global warming, promoting low-carbon emission reductions is an important measure to cope with global climate change and achieve a green cycle of sustainable development. The purpose of this study was to reveal the spatial heterogeneity of carbon emissions and the influencing factors in 286 prefecture-level-and-above cities in China, and to provide an empirical basis for the formulation of low-carbon emission reduction policies in China. This study used a combination of comparative analysis, regional difference analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and stepwise regression analysis to analyze the spatial differences in carbon emissions and their influencing factors in 286 prefecture-level-and-above cities in China, and draws the following main conclusions: (1) From 2005 to 2015, regional differences in six sectors, including household carbon emissions, widened in the 286 prefecture-level-and-above cities in China, while regional differences in 14 sectors, including rural household carbon emissions, narrowed. (2) There were significant intra-group differences in urban household carbon emissions, and the contributions to intra-group differences in carbon emissions differed across the six sectors in the northeast, east, central, and west regions. (3) Although the total and average carbon emissions of each sector increased from 2005 to 2015, China's carbon emission intensity was decreasing, and carbon productivity is increasing. (4) Carbon emissions per capita (CCE) were positively correlated with GRP per capita, industrial SO emissions per capita, and the proportion of employees in the secondary sector, and negatively correlated with population density and the proportion of employees in the tertiary sector. (5) Resident savings and consumption factors, pollution emission factors, and economic structure factors had a facilitating effect on CCE, while population density factors and economic growth factors have a weakening effect on CCE.
面对全球变暖的严峻挑战，推动低碳减排是应对全球气候变化、实现绿色可持续发展循环的重要措施。本研究旨在揭示中国 286 个地级及以上城市碳排放的空间异质性及其影响因素，为中国制定低碳减排政策提供实证依据。本研究采用比较分析、区域差异分析、相关分析、主成分分析和逐步回归分析相结合的方法，分析了中国 286 个地级及以上城市碳排放的空间差异及其影响因素，得出以下主要结论：（1）2005-2015 年，中国 286 个地级及以上城市六个部门（包括居民家庭碳排放）的区域差异扩大，而 14 个部门（包括农村居民家庭碳排放）的区域差异缩小。（2）城市居民家庭碳排放存在明显的组内差异，且东北地区、东部地区、中部地区和西部地区六个部门对组内碳排放差异的贡献不同。（3）虽然各部门的总碳排放量和平均碳排放量均呈上升趋势，但中国的碳排放强度呈下降趋势，碳生产力呈上升趋势。（4）人均碳排放量（CCE）与人均地区生产总值（GRP）、人均工业二氧化硫排放量和第二产业从业人员比例呈正相关，与人口密度和第三产业从业人员比例呈负相关。（5）居民储蓄消费因素、污染排放因素和经济结构因素对 CCE 具有促进作用，而人口密度因素和经济增长因素对 CCE 具有削弱作用。
