School of Economics & Management, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Wulongjiangbei Avenue, Minhou Country, Fuzhou 350116, China.
School of Management, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan 250100, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 23;19(21):13786. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192113786.
Reducing carbon emissions in cities is crucial for addressing climate change, while the city-level emissions of different compositions and their relationships with socio-economic features remain largely unknown in China. Here, we explored the city-level emission pattern from the industrial, transportation, and household sectors and the emission intensity, as well as their associations with socio-economic features in China, using the up-to-date (2020) CO emissions based on 0.1° grid (10 × 10 km) emission data. The results show that: (1) CO emissions from the industrial sector were considerably dominant (78%), followed by indirect (10%), transportation (8%), and household (2%) emissions on the national scale; (2) combining total emissions with emission intensity, high emission-high intensity cities, which are the most noteworthy regions, were concentrated in the North, while low emission-low intensity types mainly occurred in the South-West; (3) cities with a higher GDP tend to emit more CO, while higher-income cities tend to emit less CO, especially from the household sector. Cities with a developed economy, as indicated by GDP and income, would have low emissions per GDP, representing a high emission efficiency. Reducing the proportion of the secondary sector of the economy could significantly decrease CO emissions, especially for industrial cities. Therefore, the carbon reduction policy in China should focus on the industrial cities in the North with high emission-high intensity performance. Increasing the income and proportion of the tertiary industry and encouraging compact cities can effectively reduce the total emissions during the economic development and urbanization process.
减少城市碳排放对于应对气候变化至关重要，而中国城市层面不同组成部分的排放及其与社会经济特征的关系在很大程度上仍不清楚。在这里，我们利用最新（2020 年）基于 0.1°网格（10×10km）排放数据的 CO 排放，探索了中国城市层面工业、交通和家庭部门的排放模式和排放强度，以及它们与社会经济特征的关系。结果表明：（1）全国范围内，工业部门的 CO 排放占主导地位（78%），其次是间接排放（10%）、交通排放（8%）和家庭排放（2%）；（2）综合总排放量和排放强度，高排放-高强度城市是最值得关注的区域，集中在北方，而低排放-低强度类型主要出现在西南地区；（3）GDP 较高的城市往往排放更多的 CO，而收入较高的城市往往排放较少的 CO，特别是来自家庭部门。以 GDP 和收入衡量的经济发达城市，其 CO 排放与 GDP 的比例较低，表明排放效率较高。减少经济中第二产业的比例可以显著降低 CO 排放，特别是对工业城市而言。因此，中国的碳减排政策应侧重于北方高排放-高强度的工业城市。增加第三产业的收入和比例，鼓励紧凑型城市，可在经济发展和城市化进程中有效减少总排放量。
