Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, 1 Ahmed El-Zomor Street, El Zohour Region, Nasr City, Cairo 11727, Egypt.
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jan 18;23(3):1023. doi: 10.3390/ijms23031023.
Polymeric nanocomposites (PNC) have an outstanding potential for various applications as the integrated structure of the PNCs exhibits properties that none of its component materials individually possess. Moreover, it is possible to fabricate PNCs into desired shapes and sizes, which would enable controlling their properties, such as their surface area, magnetic behavior, optical properties, and catalytic activity. The low cost and light weight of PNCs have further contributed to their potential in various environmental and industrial applications. Stimuli-responsive nanocomposites are a subgroup of PNCs having a minimum of one promising chemical and physical property that may be controlled by or follow a stimulus response. Such outstanding properties and behaviors have extended the scope of application of these nanocomposites. The present review discusses the various methods of preparation available for PNCs, including in situ synthesis, solution mixing, melt blending, and electrospinning. In addition, various environmental and industrial applications of PNCs, including those in the fields of water treatment, electromagnetic shielding in aerospace applications, sensor devices, and food packaging, are outlined.
高分子纳米复合材料（PNC）具有广泛的应用潜力，因为 PNC 的综合结构表现出其组成材料各自所不具备的性能。此外，可以将 PNC 制成所需的形状和尺寸，从而控制其性能，如表面积、磁性能、光学性能和催化活性。PNC 的低成本和轻重量进一步促进了它们在各种环境和工业应用中的潜力。刺激响应型纳米复合材料是 PNC 的一个子集，具有至少一种有前途的化学和物理性质，可以通过刺激响应进行控制或遵循刺激响应。这些优异的性能和行为扩展了这些纳米复合材料的应用范围。本综述讨论了 PNC 的各种可用制备方法，包括原位合成、溶液混合、熔融共混和静电纺丝。此外，还概述了 PNC 在水处理、航空航天应用中的电磁屏蔽、传感器设备和食品包装等领域的各种环境和工业应用。
