Li Ningning, Bai Chunmei, Zhao Lin, Ge Yuping, Li Xiaoyuan
Department of Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
Clin Transl Oncol. 2022 Jun;24(6):1134-1147. doi: 10.1007/s12094-021-02754-y. Epub 2022 Feb 15.
The incidence and mortality of gastrointestinal (GI) tumors are high in China. Some studies suggest that the gut microbiota is related to the occurrence and development of tumors. At present, there are no prospective studies based on the correlation between gastrointestinal tumors and gut microbiota in the Chinese population. The objective of this report is to characterize the fecal microbiota in healthy control participants and patients with esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer.
Patients with locally advanced or metastatic esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancer were enrolled, and healthy people were included as controls. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze the characteristics of fecal microbiota. PICRUSt software was used for functional prediction.
Significant differences in the composition and abundance of fecal microbiota were identified between gastrointestinal cancer patients (n = 130) and healthy controls (n = 147). The abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Clostridium clostridioforme and Bifidobacterium adolescent in tumor groups were all significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.05). The levels of Blautia producta and R. faecis in the gastric (n = 46) and colorectal cancer (n = 44) groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The level of Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum in the esophageal cancer (n = 40) and gastric cancer groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). B. fragilis, Akkermansia muciniphila, Clostridium hathewayi and Alistipes finegoldii were overabundant in the different tumor groups compared with the control (P < 0.05). We observed significant differences in functional metabolism and cell biological function between the tumor and control groups (P < 0.05). Optimal microbial markers were identified on a random forest model and achieved an area under the curve of 85.59% between 130 GI cancer samples and 147 control samples. The respective AUC values were 86.89%, 97.11%, and 79.1% in detecting esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer.
Patients with esophageal or gastric cancers had similar features of fecal bacteria as those with colorectal cancer. The metabolic function of fecal bacteria in the gastrointestinal cancer patients and the healthy controls were different. The microbial signatures may potentially be applied to distinguish GI cancer patients from healthy people as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker.
中国胃肠道（GI）肿瘤的发病率和死亡率很高。一些研究表明，肠道微生物群与肿瘤的发生和发展有关。目前，尚无基于中国人群胃肠道肿瘤与肠道微生物群相关性的前瞻性研究。本报告的目的是描述健康对照参与者以及食管癌、胃癌和结直肠癌患者的粪便微生物群特征。
纳入局部晚期或转移性食管癌、胃癌和结直肠癌患者，并纳入健康人作为对照。采用16S rRNA测序分析粪便微生物群的特征。使用PICRUSt软件进行功能预测。
在胃肠道癌症患者（n = 130）和健康对照者（n = 147）之间，粪便微生物群的组成和丰度存在显著差异。肿瘤组中普拉梭菌、梭状芽孢杆菌和青春双歧杆菌的丰度均显著低于对照组（P < 0.05）。胃（n = 46）癌和结直肠癌（n = 44）组中普拉梭菌和粪罗斯氏菌的水平显著低于对照组（P < 0.05）。食管癌（n = 40）和胃癌组中普氏栖粪杆菌的水平显著低于对照组（P < 0.05）。与对照组相比，不同肿瘤组中脆弱拟杆菌、嗜黏蛋白阿克曼氏菌、哈氏梭菌和芬氏艾利斯菌的丰度过高（P < 0.05）。我们观察到肿瘤组和对照组之间在功能代谢和细胞生物学功能方面存在显著差异（P < 0.05）。在随机森林模型上鉴定出最佳微生物标志物，在130份胃肠道癌症样本和147份对照样本之间，曲线下面积达到85.59%。在检测食管癌、胃癌和结直肠癌时，各自的AUC值分别为888. 和79.1%。
食管癌或胃癌患者的粪便细菌特征与结直肠癌患者相似。胃肠道癌症患者和健康对照者粪便细菌的代谢功能不同。微生物特征可能作为一种非侵入性诊断生物标志物，潜在地用于区分胃肠道癌症患者和健康人。
