Salvi Prafull, Agarrwal Ruchi, Gandass Nishu, Manna Mrinalini, Kaur Harmeet, Deshmukh Rupesh
Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India.
National Research Center on Pomegranate, Solapur, India.
Physiol Plant. 2022 Mar;174(2):e13652. doi: 10.1111/ppl.13652.
Sugars as photosynthates are well known as energy providers and as building blocks of various structural components of plant cells, tissues and organs. Additionally, as a part of various sugar signaling pathways, they interact with other cellular machinery and influence many important cellular decisions in plants. Sugar signaling is further reliant on the differential distribution of sugars throughout the plant system. The distribution of sugars from source to sink tissues or within organelles of plant cells is a highly regulated process facilitated by various sugar transporters located in plasma membranes and organelle membranes, respectively. Sugar distribution, as well as signaling, is impacted during unfavorable environments such as extreme temperatures, salt, nutrient scarcity, or drought. Here, we have discussed the mechanism of sugar transport via various types of sugar transporters as well as their differential response during environmental stress exposure. The functional involvement of sugar transporters in plant's abiotic stress tolerance is also discussed. Besides, we have also highlighted the challenges in engineering sugar transporter proteins as well as the undeciphered modules associated with sugar transporters in plants. Thus, this review provides a comprehensive discussion on the role and regulation of sugar transporters during abiotic stresses and enables us to target the candidate sugar transporter(s) for crop improvement to develop climate-resilient crops.
糖类作为光合产物，众所周知是能量提供者以及植物细胞、组织和器官各种结构成分的构建基础。此外，作为各种糖信号通路的一部分，它们与其他细胞机制相互作用，并影响植物中许多重要的细胞决策。糖信号进一步依赖于糖类在整个植物系统中的差异分布。糖类从源组织到库组织或在植物细胞细胞器内的分布是一个高度受调控的过程，分别由位于质膜和细胞器膜上的各种糖转运蛋白促进。在极端温度、盐分、养分缺乏或干旱等不利环境中，糖的分布以及信号传导都会受到影响。在这里，我们讨论了通过各种类型的糖转运蛋白进行糖转运的机制以及它们在环境胁迫暴露期间的差异反应。还讨论了糖转运蛋白在植物非生物胁迫耐受性中的功能作用。此外，我们还强调了工程化糖转运蛋白的挑战以及与植物中糖转运蛋白相关的未破解模块。因此，本综述全面讨论了非生物胁迫期间糖转运蛋白的作用和调控，使我们能够针对候选糖转运蛋白进行作物改良，以培育抗逆作物。
