Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India.
Inflamm Res. 2022 Mar;71(3):277-292. doi: 10.1007/s00011-022-01546-6. Epub 2022 Feb 17.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the inexplicable aggravation of cellular dysfunction that results in blood flow restoration to previously ischemic tissues. COX mediates the oxidative conversion of AA to various prostaglandins and thromboxanes, which are involved in various physiological and pathological processes. In the pathophysiology of I/R injuries, COX has been found to play an important role. I/R injuries affect most vital organs and are characterized by inflammation, oxidative stress, cell death, and apoptosis, leading to morbidity and mortality.
A systematic literature review of Bentham, Scopus, PubMed, Medline, and EMBASE (Elsevier) databases was carried out to understand the Nature and mechanistic interventions of the Cyclooxygenase modulations in ischemic injury. Here, we have discussed the COX Physiology and downstream signalling pathways modulated by COX, e.g., Camp Pathway, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Activity, NF-kB Signalling, PI3K/Akt Signalling in ischemic injury.
This review will discuss the various COX types, specifically COX-1 and COX-2, which are involved in developing I/R injury in organs such as the brain, spinal cord, heart, kidney, liver, and intestine.
缺血再灌注损伤（IRI）是指血流恢复到先前缺血组织后，细胞功能异常恶化，目前仍无法解释的现象。COX 介导 AA 的氧化转化为各种前列腺素和血栓素，这些物质参与多种生理和病理过程。在 I/R 损伤的病理生理学中，COX 被发现起着重要作用。IRI 影响大多数重要器官，其特征为炎症、氧化应激、细胞死亡和细胞凋亡，导致发病率和死亡率增加。
本研究对 Bentham、Scopus、PubMed、Medline 和 EMBASE（爱思唯尔）数据库进行了系统的文献综述，以了解 COX 调节在缺血性损伤中的性质和机制干预。在这里，我们讨论了 COX 的生理学及其下游信号通路的调节，例如 COX 调节的环磷酸腺苷途径、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体活性、NF-κB 信号通路、PI3K/Akt 信号通路在缺血性损伤中的作用。
本综述将讨论各种 COX 类型，特别是 COX-1 和 COX-2，它们参与了脑、脊髓、心脏、肾脏、肝脏和肠道等器官的 I/R 损伤的发生。
