Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
Department of Horticulture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, People's Republic of China.
Sci Rep. 2022 Feb 17;12(1):2694. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-06155-1.
The application of slow-release fertilizer is an effective way to satisfy the demand for nutrients of crops. The objective of present study was to investigate the microbial community characteristics in rice rhizosphere soil under different fertilization modes of slow-release fertilizer. Three fertilization modes of slow-release fertilizer, i.e., (CK) manually broadcasted on the soil surface at 300 kg·ha before transplanting and then same fertilizer rate was applied at the same way one week after transplanting; (SF) 10 cm depth mechanized placement at 600 kg·ha during the transplanting; (DSF) 10 cm depth mechanized placement at 480 kg·ha during the transplanting, were adopt in the field experiment. The results showed that SF and DSF treatments promoted richness (ACE and Chao1 values) and diversity (Shannon value) of rice rhizosphere microorganisms compared with CK treatment. Compared with CK, SF treatment increased relative abundances of Planctomycetes and decreased relative abundance of Nitrospirae, DSF treatments increased relative abundances of Deltaproteobacteria. Moreover, higher relative abundances of Paenibacillus and Sphingomonas were recorded in DSF treatment than CK. In addition, the partial factor productivity (PFP) deep placement of slow-release fertilizer treatment was significantly higher than that of CK treatment. DSF treatment increased the yield by 16.61% compared with CK treatment while reducing fertilizer input by 20%. In conclusion, compared with broadcasting, deep placement of slow-release fertilizer could improve the structure, distribution, and diversity of the microbial community in rice rhizosphere soil, and increase the utilization rate of fertilizers, and increase rice yield.
控释肥的应用是满足作物养分需求的有效途径。本研究的目的是研究不同控释肥施肥模式下水稻根际土壤微生物群落特征。田间试验采用 3 种控释肥施肥方式，即（CK）移栽前人工撒施于地表，用量 300kg·ha-1，移栽后一周同量同法施肥；（SF）移栽时 10cm 深机械化深施，用量 600kg·ha-1；（DSF）移栽时 10cm 深机械化深施，用量 480kg·ha-1。结果表明，SF 和 DSF 处理均促进了水稻根际微生物的丰富度（ACE 和 Chao1 值）和多样性（Shannon 值），与 CK 处理相比。与 CK 相比，SF 处理增加了 Planctomycetes 的相对丰度，降低了 Nitrospirae 的相对丰度，DSF 处理增加了 Deltaproteobacteria 的相对丰度。此外，DSF 处理中的 Paenibacillus 和 Sphingomonas 的相对丰度高于 CK。此外，深施控释肥的部分因子生产力（PFP）显著高于 CK 处理。与 CK 处理相比，DSF 处理增加了 16.61%的产量，同时减少了 20%的肥料投入。综上所述，与撒播相比，深施控释肥可以改善水稻根际土壤微生物群落的结构、分布和多样性，提高肥料利用率，增加水稻产量。
