School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Feb 10;2022:9218738. doi: 10.1155/2022/9218738. eCollection 2022.
Polydatin, one of the natural active small molecules, was commonly applied in protecting and treating liver disorders in preclinical studies. Oxidative stress plays vital roles in liver injury caused by various factors, such as alcohol, viral infections, dietary components, drugs, and other chemical reagents. It is reported that oxidative stress might be one of the main reasons in the progressive development of alcohol liver diseases (ALDs), nonalcoholic liver diseases (NAFLDs), liver injury, fibrosis, hepatic failure (HF), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this paper, we comprehensively summarized the pharmacological effects and potential molecular mechanisms of polydatin for protecting and treating liver disorders via regulation of oxidative stress. According to the previous studies, polydatin is a versatile natural compound and exerts significantly protective and curative effects on oxidative stress-associated liver diseases via various molecular mechanisms, including amelioration of liver function and insulin resistance, inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines, lipid accumulation, endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy, regulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), as well as increase of antioxidant enzymes (such as catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)). In addition, polydatin acts as a free radical scavenger against reactive oxygen species (ROS) by its phenolic and ethylenic bond structure. However, further clinical investigations are still needed to explore the comprehensive molecular mechanisms and confirm the clinical treatment effect of polydatin in liver diseases related to regulation of oxidative stress.
虎杖苷是一种天然活性小分子，在临床前研究中常用于保护和治疗肝脏疾病。氧化应激在各种因素（如酒精、病毒感染、饮食成分、药物和其他化学试剂）引起的肝损伤中起着至关重要的作用。据报道，氧化应激可能是酒精性肝病（ALD）、非酒精性肝病（NAFLD）、肝损伤、纤维化、肝衰竭（HF）和肝细胞癌（HCC）进展的主要原因之一。在本文中，我们全面总结了虎杖苷通过调节氧化应激保护和治疗肝脏疾病的药理作用和潜在分子机制。根据以往的研究，虎杖苷是一种多功能的天然化合物，通过多种分子机制对氧化应激相关的肝脏疾病具有显著的保护和治疗作用，包括改善肝功能和胰岛素抵抗、抑制促炎细胞因子、脂质积累、内质网应激和自噬、调节 PI3K/Akt/mTOR 以及激活肝星状细胞（HSCs），并增加抗氧化酶（如过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）和血红素加氧酶-1（HO-1））。此外，虎杖苷通过其酚和烯键结构充当活性氧（ROS）的自由基清除剂。然而，仍需要进一步的临床研究来探索虎杖苷在调节氧化应激相关肝脏疾病中的全面分子机制和确认其临床治疗效果。
