Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University; Chengdu-China.
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Chengdu-China.
Anatol J Cardiol. 2022 Feb;26(2):90-99. doi: 10.5152/AnatolJCardiol.2021.867.
Infective endocarditis (IE) has been recognized as a biofilm-related disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi that invade and damage the heart valves and endocardium. There are many difficulties and challenges in the antimicrobial treatment of IE, including multi-drug resistant pathogens, large dose of drug administration with following side effects, and poor prognosis. For the past few years, the development of nanotechnology has promoted the use of nanoparticles as antimicrobial nano-pharmaceuticals or novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) in antimicrobial therapy for chronic infections and biofilm-related infectious disease as these molecules exhibit several advantages. Therefore, nanoparticles have a potential role to play in solving problems in the treatment of IE, including improving antimicrobial activity, increasing drug bioavailability, minimizing frequency of drug administration, and preventing side effects. In this article, we review the latest advances in nanoparticles against drug-resistant bacteria in biofilm and recommends nanoparticles as an alternative strategy to the antibiotic treatment of IE.
感染性心内膜炎（IE）已被认为是一种由致病微生物引起的生物膜相关疾病，这些微生物会侵袭和破坏心脏瓣膜和心内膜。IE 的抗菌治疗存在许多困难和挑战，包括多药耐药病原体、大剂量药物治疗伴随的副作用以及预后不良。在过去的几年中，纳米技术的发展推动了将纳米粒子作为抗菌纳米药物或新型药物递送系统（NDDS）用于慢性感染和生物膜相关感染性疾病的抗菌治疗，因为这些分子具有多种优势。因此，纳米粒子在解决 IE 治疗中的问题方面具有潜在作用，包括提高抗菌活性、增加药物生物利用度、最小化药物给药频率和预防副作用。本文综述了纳米粒子在抗生物膜耐药菌方面的最新进展，并推荐将纳米粒子作为 IE 抗生素治疗的替代策略。
