Elfadil Dounia, Elkhatib Walid F, El-Sayyad Gharieb S
Biology and Chemistry Department, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco.
Microbiology and Immunology Department, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization St., Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Galala University, New Galala City, Suez, Egypt.
Microb Pathog. 2022 Sep;170:105721. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105721. Epub 2022 Aug 12.
Antimicrobial agents and alternative strategies to combat bacterial infections have become urgent due to the rapid development of multidrug-resistant bacteria caused by the misuse and overuse of antibiotics, as well as the ineffectiveness of antibiotics against difficult-to-treat infectious diseases. Nanobiotics is one of the strategies being explored to counter the increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Nanobiotics are antibiotic molecules encapsulated in nanoparticles or artificially engineered pure antibiotics that are ≤ 100 nm in size in at least one dimension. Formulation scientists recognize nanobiotic delivery systems as an effective strategy to overcome the limitations associated with conventional antibiotic therapy. This review highlights the general mechanisms by which nanobiotics can be used to target resistant microbes and biofilm-associated infections. We focus on the design elements, properties, characterization, and toxicity assessment of organic nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticle and molecularly imprinted polymer-based nano-formulations that can be designed to improve the efficacy of nanobiotic formulation.
由于抗生素的滥用和过度使用导致多重耐药细菌的迅速发展，以及抗生素对难治性传染病的无效性，抗菌剂和对抗细菌感染的替代策略已变得十分紧迫。纳米抗生素是正在探索的对抗抗生素耐药细菌增加的策略之一。纳米抗生素是包裹在纳米颗粒中的抗生素分子或人工设计的纯抗生素，其至少在一个维度上尺寸≤100纳米。制剂科学家认为纳米抗生素递送系统是克服传统抗生素治疗相关局限性的有效策略。本综述重点介绍了纳米抗生素可用于靶向耐药微生物和生物膜相关感染的一般机制。我们专注于有机纳米颗粒、无机纳米颗粒和基于分子印迹聚合物的纳米制剂的设计元素、性质、表征和毒性评估，这些制剂可设计用于提高纳米抗生素制剂的疗效。
