新冠长期症状对心理健康的影响：为期6个月的观察性随访研究。
The Impact of Long COVID-19 on Mental Health: Observational 6-Month Follow-Up Study.
作者信息
Houben-Wilke Sarah, Goërtz Yvonne Mj, Delbressine Jeannet M, Vaes Anouk W, Meys Roy, Machado Felipe Vc, van Herck Maarten, Burtin Chris, Posthuma Rein, Franssen Frits Me, Vijlbrief Herman, Spies Yvonne, van 't Hul Alex J, Spruit Martijn A, Janssen Daisy Ja
机构信息
Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.
School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
出版信息
JMIR Ment Health. 2022 Feb 24;9(2):e33704. doi: 10.2196/33704.
BACKGROUND
The psychological impact of COVID-19 can be substantial. However, knowledge about long-term psychological outcomes in patients with COVID-19 is scarce.
OBJECTIVE
In this longitudinal, observational study, we aimed to reveal symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and symptoms of anxiety and depression up to 6 months after the onset of COVID-19-related symptoms in patients with confirmed COVID-19 and persistent complaints. To demonstrate the impact in nonhospitalized patients, we further aimed to compare these outcomes between nonhospitalized and hospitalized patients.
METHODS
Demographics, symptoms of PTSD (Trauma Screening Questionnaire [TSQ] ≥6 points) and symptoms of anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS] ≥8 points) were assessed at 3 and 6 months after the onset of COVID-19-related symptoms in members of online long COVID-19 peer support groups.
RESULTS
Data from 239 patients with confirmed COVID-19 (198/239, 82.8% female; median age: 50 [IQR 39-56] years) were analyzed. At the 3-month follow-up, 37.2% (89/239) of the patients had symptoms of PTSD, 35.6% (85/239) had symptoms of anxiety, and 46.9% (112/239) had symptoms of depression, which remained high at the 6-month follow-up (64/239, 26.8%, P=.001; 83/239, 34.7%, P=.90; 97/239, 40.6%, P=.08, respectively; versus the 3-month follow-up). TSQ scores and HADS anxiety and depression scores were strongly correlated at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups (r=0.63-0.71, P<.001). Symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, and depression were comparable between hospitalized (n=62) and nonhospitalized (n=177) patients.
CONCLUSIONS
A substantial percentage of patients with confirmed COVID-19 and persistent complaints reported symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, or depression 3 and 6 months after the onset of COVID-19-related symptoms. The prevalence rates of symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, and depression were comparable between hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients and merely improved over time. Health care professionals need to be aware of these psychological complications and intervene on time in post-COVID-19 patients with persistent complaints.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Netherlands Trial Register NTR8705; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/8705.
背景
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的心理影响可能很大。然而，关于COVID-19患者长期心理结局的知识却很匮乏。
目的
在这项纵向观察性研究中，我们旨在揭示确诊为COVID-19且有持续不适的患者在出现COVID-19相关症状后长达6个月的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状以及焦虑和抑郁症状。为了证明对非住院患者的影响，我们进一步旨在比较非住院患者和住院患者之间的这些结局。
方法
在在线长COVID-19同伴支持小组的成员出现COVID-19相关症状后的3个月和6个月，评估其人口统计学特征、PTSD症状（创伤筛查问卷[TSQ]≥6分）以及焦虑和抑郁症状（医院焦虑抑郁量表[HADS]≥8分）。
结果
分析了239例确诊为COVID-19的患者的数据（198/239，82.8%为女性；中位年龄：50[四分位间距39 - 56]岁）。在3个月随访时，37.2%（89/239）的患者有PTSD症状，35.6%（85/239）有焦虑症状，46.9%（112/239）有抑郁症状，在6个月随访时这些比例仍很高（分别为64/239，26.8%，P = 0.001；83/239，34.7%，P = 0.90；97/239，40.6%，P = 0.08；与3个月随访相比）。在3个月和6个月随访时，TSQ评分与HADS焦虑和抑郁评分密切相关（r = 0.63 - 0.71，P < 0.001）。住院患者（n = 62）和非住院患者（n = 177）的PTSD、焦虑和抑郁症状相当。
结论
相当比例的确诊为COVID-19且有持续不适的患者在出现COVID-19相关症状后的3个月和6个月报告有PTSD、焦虑或抑郁症状。住院患者和非住院患者的PTSD、焦虑和抑郁症状患病率相当，且仅随时间略有改善。医护人员需要意识到这些心理并发症，并及时对有持续不适的COVID-19后患者进行干预。
试验注册
荷兰试验注册NTR8705；https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/8705 。
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