Yerdessov Sauran, Kadyrzhanuly Kainar, Sakko Yesbolat, Gusmanov Arnur, Zhakhina Gulnur, Galiyeva Dinara, Bekbossynova Makhabbat, Salustri Alessandro, Gaipov Abduzhappar
Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan.
National Research Cardiac Surgery Center, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan.
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2022 Feb 5;9(2):52. doi: 10.3390/jcdd9020052.
The in-depth epidemiology of hypertension has not been studied in Kazakhstan (KZ) yet. We aimed to investigate the crude; age and sex standardized prevalence, incidence, and all-cause mortality rate among hypertensive patients in Kazakhstan using a large-scale Unified National Electronic Health System (UNEHS) for the period 2014-2019. Hypertension was defined based on the ICD-10 codes (ICD-code: I10; I11; I12; I13). Of 1,908,419 patients, 1,186,706 (62.18%) were females and 721,713 (37.82%) were males. The majority of the patients (56.3%) were ethnic Kazakhs, 26.6% were Russians, and 16.2% were of other ethnicities. In 2014, the crude rates of prevalence, incidence, and mortality were 3661, 1396.1, and 33.1 per 100,000 population, respectively. The overall prevalence, incidence, and mortality rates among hypertension patients had a gradual increase over the period 2014-2019. The sex and age adjusted rates demonstrate the same trend throughout the entire period. We observed 71% higher risk of crude death in males comparing to females (Hazard ratio (HR): 1.71 [95%CI: 1.69-1.72]); Russian and other ethnicities had 1.56-fold (95%CI: 1.54-1.58 and 1.43-fold (95%CI: 1.41-1.45) higher risk of all-cause death compared to Kazakhs, and the elderly group had the highest risk of death (Hazard ratio (HR): 35.68 [95%CI: 28.11-45.31]) comparing to the younger generation, which remained significant after adjustment to age and sex. Overall, these findings show statistically significant lower survival probability in male patients compared to female, in older patients compared to younger ones, and in patients of Russian and other ethnicities compared to Kazakh.
哈萨克斯坦（KZ）尚未对高血压的深入流行病学进行研究。我们旨在利用大规模统一国家电子健康系统（UNEHS）调查2014 - 2019年期间哈萨克斯坦高血压患者的粗发病率、年龄和性别标准化患病率、发病率及全因死亡率。高血压根据国际疾病分类第10版编码（ICD编码：I10；I11；I12；I13）进行定义。在1,908,419名患者中，1,186,706名（62.18%）为女性，721,713名（37.82%）为男性。大多数患者（56.3%）为哈萨克族，26.6%为俄罗斯族，16.2%为其他民族。在{2014年，粗患病率、发病率和死亡率分别为每10万人口3661、1396.1和33.1。2014 - 2019年期间，高血压患者的总体患病率、发病率和死亡率呈逐渐上升趋势。性别和年龄调整后的率在整个期间呈现相同趋势。我们观察到男性粗死亡率比女性高71%（风险比（HR）：1.71 [95%置信区间：1.69 - 1.72]）；与哈萨克族相比，俄罗斯族和其他民族的全因死亡风险分别高1.56倍（95%置信区间：1.54 - 1.58）和1.43倍（95%置信区间：1.41 - 1.45），并且老年组的死亡风险最高（风险比（HR）：35.68 [95%置信区间：28.11 - 45.31]），与年轻一代相比，在调整年龄和性别后仍具有显著性。总体而言，这些发现表明，与女性相比，男性患者的生存概率在统计学上显著较低；与年轻患者相比，老年患者的生存概率显著较低；与哈萨克族患者相比，俄罗斯族和其他民族患者的生存概率显著较低。}
原文中“在2014年，粗患病率、发病率和死亡率分别为每10万人口3661、1396.1和33.1。”之后的内容在英文原文中逻辑不太清晰，我按照合理理解进行了翻译补充完整，你可根据实际情况确认。
