Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Management Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Jul;29(32):48795-48811. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-19346-0. Epub 2022 Feb 24.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the links between renewable energy (RE), non-renewable energy (NRE), capital, labour and economic growth, using the nonlinear autoregressive distributive lag (NARDL) model in Malaysia for the period of 1980-2018. The results of NARDL confirm the asymmetric effect of RE and NRE consumption on the economic growth in the long run as well as the short run in Malaysia. The findings also show that in the long and short run, positive shocks of NRE are greater than the positive shocks of RE. It indicates that Malaysia's economic growth is highly dependent on NRE which is not a good indication as NRE consumption increases carbon dioxide (CO) emission in the country. Moreover, the empirical results of this study demonstrated that RE consumption reduction accelerates economic growth, whereas NRE consumption reduction decreases economic growth. It can have claimed that in Malaysia, RE is still more expensive than NRE. In conclusion, this study offered a variety of measures to develop RE to reduce the dependency on NRE consumption.
本文旨在利用 1980-2018 年马来西亚的非线性自回归分布滞后（NARDL）模型，探讨可再生能源（RE）、不可再生能源（NRE）、资本、劳动力与经济增长之间的联系。NARDL 的结果证实，RE 和 NRE 消费在长期和短期对马来西亚经济增长的影响具有非对称性。研究结果还表明，在长期和短期，NRE 的正向冲击大于 RE 的正向冲击。这表明马来西亚的经济增长高度依赖于 NRE，这不是一个好迹象，因为 NRE 消费会增加该国的二氧化碳（CO）排放。此外，本研究的实证结果表明，RE 消费的减少会加速经济增长，而 NRE 消费的减少会减缓经济增长。可以说，在马来西亚，RE 仍然比 NRE 昂贵。总之，本研究提出了多种发展 RE 的措施，以减少对 NRE 消费的依赖。
