Inocencio da Luz Raquel, Tablado Alonso Sara, Büscher Philippe, Verlé Paul, De Weggheleire Anja, Mumba Ngoyi Dieudonné, Pyana Pati Patient, Hasker Epco
Unit of Mycobacterial Diseases and Neglected Tropical Diseases, Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
Unit of Diagnostic Parasitology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2022 Jan 19;12(2):246. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12020246.
Gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (gHAT), also known as gambiense sleeping sickness, is a parasitic infection caused by . During the last decades, gHAT incidence has been brought to an all-time low. Newly developed serological tools and drugs for its diagnosis and treatment put the WHO goal of interruption of transmission by 2030 within reach. However, further research is needed to efficiently adapt these new advances to new control strategies. We assessed the serological evolution of cured gHAT patients over a two-year period using four different tests: the rapid diagnostic test (RDT) Sero SeT, ELISA/, inhibition ELISA (iELISA), and the immune trypanolysis test. High seropositive rates were observed in all the tests, although sero-reversion rates were different in each test: ELISA/ was the test most likely to become negative two years after treatment, whereas RDT SeroSeT was the least likely. iELISA and trypanolysis showed intermediate and comparable probabilities to become negative. Stage 1 patients were also noted to be more likely to become negative than Stage 2 patients in all four serological tests. Our results confirm previous findings that trypanosome-specific antibody concentrations in blood may persist for up to two years, implying that HAT control programs should continue to take the history of past HAT episodes into consideration.
布氏冈比亚锥虫所致人体非洲锥虫病（gHAT），又称布氏冈比亚昏睡病，是一种由……引起的寄生虫感染。在过去几十年里，gHAT发病率已降至历史最低点。新开发的用于其诊断和治疗的血清学工具及药物使世界卫生组织在2030年实现传播阻断的目标触手可及。然而，需要进一步研究以便有效地将这些新进展应用于新的控制策略。我们使用四种不同检测方法评估了治愈的gHAT患者在两年期间的血清学演变情况：快速诊断检测（RDT）Sero SeT、酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）/、抑制性酶联免疫吸附测定（iELISA）以及免疫锥虫溶解试验。在所有检测中均观察到高血清阳性率，尽管每种检测的血清学转阴率有所不同：ELISA/是治疗后两年最有可能转阴的检测方法，而RDT SeroSeT是最不可能转阴的。iELISA和锥虫溶解试验显示出中等且相当的转阴可能性。在所有四项血清学检测中还发现，1期患者比2期患者更有可能转阴。我们的结果证实了先前的研究发现，即血液中锥虫特异性抗体浓度可能持续长达两年，这意味着非洲锥虫病控制项目应继续考虑过去非洲锥虫病发作史。
