Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 11;19(4):2008. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19042008.
Fetal growth is affected by exposure to both prenatal stress and environmental contaminants. The attacks on the World Trade Center (WTC) resulted in exposure to chemicals and psychological stress amongst New York City residents. We measured prenatal maternal stress and exposure to persistent organic pollutants (polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs)) in 108 participants from a Columbia University WTC birth cohort. Principal component (PC) analyses were conducted to characterize the mixture of exposure to the three groups of chemicals. We evaluated the associations between geographical exposures (proximity to the WTC disaster) and both chemical exposures (PCs) and stress (demoralization). We then evaluated the effect these exposures (PCs and stress) had on previously reported associations between geographical WTC exposure and birth outcomes (birth weight and birth length) in this study population to understand their individual roles in the observed associations. Geographical exposure via proximity to the WTC was associated with the PC reflecting higher PCDD exposure (PC3) (β = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.03, 1.18 for living/working within 2 miles of the WTC; and β = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.08, 1.38 for living within 2 miles of WTC). Previously reported reductions in birth weight and length associated with WTC proximity (β = -215.2, 95% CI: -416.2, -14.3 and β = -1.47, 95% CI: -2.6, -0.34, respectively) were attenuated and no longer significant for birth weight (β = -156.4, 95% CI: -358.2, 45.4) after adjusting for PC3, suggesting that PCDDs may act as partial mediators in this previously observed association. The results of this study can help focus future research on the long-term health effects of these prenatally exposed populations.
胎儿的生长发育受到产前压力和环境污染物暴露的影响。纽约市居民在世贸中心（WTC）遇袭后，接触到了化学物质和心理压力。我们在哥伦比亚大学 WTC 出生队列中对 108 名参与者进行了产前母亲压力和持久性有机污染物（多溴二苯醚、多氯联苯和多氯二苯并对二恶英（PCDDs））的暴露测量。进行主成分（PC）分析以描述三组化学物质暴露的混合物。我们评估了地理暴露（靠近 WTC 灾难的距离）与两种化学暴露（PCs）和压力（士气低落）之间的关系。然后，我们评估了这些暴露（PC 和压力）对本研究人群中之前报道的地理 WTC 暴露与出生结果（出生体重和出生长度）之间关系的影响，以了解它们在观察到的关联中的单独作用。通过靠近 WTC 的地理位置暴露与反映更高 PCDD 暴露的 PC （PC3）相关（β=0.60，95%CI：0.03，1.18 生活/工作距离 WTC 2 英里内；β=0.73，95%CI=0.08，1.38 生活距离 WTC 2 英里内）。之前报道的与 WTC 接近相关的出生体重和长度的降低（β=-215.2，95%CI：-416.2，-14.3 和β=-1.47，95%CI：-2.6，-0.34）在调整 PC3 后减弱且不再显著（β=-156.4，95%CI：-358.2，45.4），表明 PCDDs 可能是之前观察到的这种关联的部分中介物。本研究的结果可以帮助将未来的研究重点放在这些产前暴露人群的长期健康影响上。
