Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
Independent Public Healthcare Complex in Masovian Minsk, 05-300 Masovian Minsk, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 13;19(4):2099. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19042099.
Research on proteins and peptides that play roles in metabolic regulation, which may be considered potential insulin resistance markers in some medical conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, obesity and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), has recently gained in interest. PCOS is a common endocrine disorder associated with hyperandrogenemia and failure of ovulation, which is often accompanied by metabolic abnormalities, including obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance. In this review, we focus on less commonly known peptides/proteins and investigate their role as potential biomarkers for insulin resistance in females affected by PCOS. We summarize studies comparing the serum fasting concentration of particular agents in PCOS individuals and healthy controls. Based on our analysis, we propose that, in the majority of studies, the levels of nesfastin-1, myonectin, omentin, neudesin were decreased in PCOS patients, while the levels of the other considered agents (e.g., preptin, gremlin-1, neuregulin-4, xenopsin-related peptide, xenin-25, and galectin-3) were increased. However, there also exist studies presenting contrary results; in particular, most data existing for lipocalin-2 are inconsistent. Therefore, further research is required to confirm those hypotheses, as well as to elucidate the involvement of these factors in PCOS-related metabolic complications.
最近，人们对在代谢调节中发挥作用的蛋白质和肽的研究产生了浓厚的兴趣，这些蛋白质和肽可能被认为是某些医学条件（如糖尿病、肥胖症和多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS））下胰岛素抵抗的潜在标志物。PCOS 是一种常见的内分泌紊乱疾病，与高雄激素血症和排卵功能障碍有关，常伴有代谢异常，包括肥胖、血脂异常、高胰岛素血症和胰岛素抵抗。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注不太为人知的肽/蛋白质，并研究它们作为 PCOS 女性胰岛素抵抗潜在生物标志物的作用。我们总结了比较 PCOS 个体和健康对照组特定药物血清空腹浓度的研究。根据我们的分析，我们提出在大多数研究中，nesfastin-1、myonectin、omentin 和 neudesin 在 PCOS 患者中的水平降低，而其他考虑的药物（如 preptin、gremlin-1、neuregulin-4、xenopsin-related peptide、xenin-25 和 galectin-3）的水平升高。然而，也存在一些研究结果相反的情况；特别是，关于脂联素-2 的大多数数据不一致。因此，需要进一步的研究来证实这些假设，并阐明这些因素在 PCOS 相关代谢并发症中的作用。
