Department of International Affairs and Tropical Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
Research Center for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 21;19(4):2456. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19042456.
In Vietnam, data on the risk factors for diarrhea at the community level remain sparse. This study aimed to provide an overview of diarrheal diseases in an agricultural community in Vietnam, targeting all age groups. Specifically, we investigated the incidence of diarrheal disease at the community level and described the potential risk factors associated with diarrheal diseases. In this prospective cohort study, a total of 1508 residents were enrolled during the 54-week study period in northern Vietnam. The observed diarrheal incidence per person-year was 0.51 episodes. For children aged <5 years, the incidence per person-year was 0.81 episodes. Unexpectedly, the frequency of diarrhea was significantly higher among participants who used tap water for drinking than among participants who used rainwater. Participants who used a flush toilet had less frequent diarrhea than those who used a pit latrine. The potential risk factors for diarrhea included the source of water used in daily life, drinking water, and type of toilet. However, the direct reason for the association between potential risk factors and diarrhea was not clear. The infection routes of diarrheal pathogens in the environment remain to be investigated at this study site.
在越南，社区层面腹泻危险因素的数据仍然很少。本研究旨在针对所有年龄段，全面了解越南一个农业社区的腹泻疾病。具体而言，我们调查了社区层面腹泻病的发病率，并描述了与腹泻病相关的潜在危险因素。在这项前瞻性队列研究中，在越南北部的 54 周研究期间共招募了 1508 名居民。观察到的每人每年腹泻发病率为 0.51 次发作。对于<5 岁的儿童，每人每年的发病率为 0.81 次发作。出乎意料的是，饮用自来水的参与者腹泻频率明显高于饮用雨水的参与者。使用冲水马桶的参与者腹泻频率低于使用坑式厕所的参与者。腹泻的潜在危险因素包括日常生活用水、饮用水和厕所类型。然而，潜在危险因素与腹泻之间关联的确切原因尚不清楚。在本研究地点，仍有待调查环境中腹泻病原体的感染途径。
