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德国护士与工作相关的健康负担:不同护理环境下的定性访谈研究

Work-Related Health Burdens of Nurses in Germany: A Qualitative Interview Study in Different Care Settings.

作者信息

Lützerath Jasmin, Bleier Hannah, Schaller Andrea

机构信息

Working Group Physical Activity-Related Prevention Research, Institute of Movement Therapy and Movement-Oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany.

Institute for Occupational Health Promotion, 50667 Cologne, Germany.

出版信息

Healthcare (Basel). 2022 Feb 15;10(2):375. doi: 10.3390/healthcare10020375.

Abstract

: The growing need for nursing care is offset by a shortage of nurses, who are exposed to high physical and psychological demands in their daily work and have above-average absences that vary between different care settings. Based on the data on sick days, the question arises: What are the subjective work-related health burdens of nurses in acute care hospitals, inpatient care facilities, and outpatient care services? : Sixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted in different care settings between May and September 2021. Questions about the professional career, everyday working life and personal health, violence in the workplace, and organizational framework conditions were asked. : The experiences of the nurses highlighted that health-related burdens have varying manifestations in different care settings. This was reflected in three main categories: health, everyday working life, and experiences of violence. In particular, the different structural framework conditions that trigger stress and the occurrence of violence are important from the perspective of the nurses. : The results of this exploratory study can serve as a baseline for obtaining further setting-specific quantitative data that can contribute to the development, implementation, and evaluation of target group-specific health promotion programs.

摘要

对护理服务日益增长的需求被护士短缺所抵消,护士在日常工作中面临着很高的身体和心理要求,且缺勤率高于平均水平,不同护理环境下的缺勤情况也有所不同。基于病假数据,问题随之而来:急症医院、住院护理机构和门诊护理服务机构的护士与工作相关的主观健康负担是什么?2021年5月至9月期间,在不同护理环境中进行了16次半结构化访谈。询问了有关职业生涯、日常工作生活和个人健康、工作场所暴力以及组织框架条件等问题。护士们的经历突出表明,与健康相关的负担在不同护理环境中有不同表现形式。这体现在三个主要类别中:健康、日常工作生活和暴力经历。特别是,从护士的角度来看,引发压力和暴力事件发生的不同结构框架条件很重要。这项探索性研究的结果可作为获取更多特定环境定量数据的基线,这些数据有助于制定、实施和评估针对目标群体的健康促进计划。

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