Neophytou Constantina, Pitsouli Chrysoula
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, 1 University Avenue, Aglantzia, Nicosia 2109, Cyprus.
Metabolites. 2022 Feb 10;12(2):169. doi: 10.3390/metabo12020169.
Host-microbiota interactions are key modulators of host physiology and behavior. Accumulating evidence suggests that the complex interplay between microbiota, diet and the intestine controls host health. Great emphasis has been given on how gut microbes have evolved to harvest energy from the diet to control energy balance, host metabolism and fitness. In addition, many metabolites essential for intestinal homeostasis are mainly derived from gut microbiota and can alleviate nutritional imbalances. However, due to the high complexity of the system, the molecular mechanisms that control host-microbiota mutualism, as well as whether and how microbiota affects host intestinal stem cells (ISCs) remain elusive. encompasses a low complexity intestinal microbiome and has recently emerged as a system that might uncover evolutionarily conserved mechanisms of microbiota-derived nutrient ISC regulation. Here, we review recent studies using the model that directly link microbiota-derived metabolites and ISC function. This research field provides exciting perspectives for putative future treatments of ISC-related diseases based on monitoring and manipulating intestinal microbiota.
宿主-微生物群相互作用是宿主生理和行为的关键调节因子。越来越多的证据表明，微生物群、饮食和肠道之间的复杂相互作用控制着宿主的健康。人们非常重视肠道微生物如何进化以从饮食中获取能量来控制能量平衡、宿主代谢和健康状况。此外，许多对肠道内环境稳定至关重要的代谢物主要来源于肠道微生物群，并且可以缓解营养失衡。然而，由于该系统高度复杂，控制宿主-微生物群共生的分子机制，以及微生物群是否以及如何影响宿主肠道干细胞（ISC）仍然不清楚。秀丽隐杆线虫拥有简单的肠道微生物群，最近已成为一个可能揭示微生物群衍生营养物质对ISC调节的进化保守机制的系统。在这里，我们回顾了最近使用秀丽隐杆线虫模型的研究，这些研究直接将微生物群衍生的代谢物与ISC功能联系起来。该研究领域为基于监测和操纵肠道微生物群对ISC相关疾病进行未来可能的治疗提供了令人兴奋的前景。
