Farda Beatrice, Djebaili Rihab, Vaccarelli Ilaria, Del Gallo Maddalena, Pellegrini Marika
Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
Microorganisms. 2022 Feb 16;10(2):453. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10020453.
The environmental conditions of caves shape microbiota. Within caves' microbial communities, actinomycetes are among the most abundant bacteria. Cave actinomycetes have gained increasing attention during the last decades due to novel bioactive compounds with antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activities. However, their potential role in soil environments is still unknown. This review summarises the literature dealing with actinomycetes from caves, underlining for the first time their potential roles in soil environments. We provide an overview of their diversity and biotechnological properties, underling their potential role in soil environments applications. The contribution of caves' actinomycetes in soil fertility and bioremediation and crops biostimulation and biocontrol are discussed. The survey on the literature show that several actinomycetes genera are present in cave ecosystems, mainly , , and . Among caves' actinomycetes, is the most studied genus due to its ubiquity, survival capabilities, and metabolic versatility. Despite actinomycetes' outstanding capabilities and versatility, we still have inadequate information regarding cave actinomycetes distribution, population dynamics, biogeochemical processes, and metabolisms. Research on cave actinomycetes needs to be encouraged, especially concerning environmental soil applications to improve soil fertility and health and to antagonise phytopathogens.
洞穴的环境条件塑造了微生物群。在洞穴的微生物群落中，放线菌是最丰富的细菌之一。在过去几十年里，由于具有抗菌、抗氧化和抗癌活性的新型生物活性化合物，洞穴放线菌受到了越来越多的关注。然而，它们在土壤环境中的潜在作用仍然未知。这篇综述总结了有关洞穴放线菌的文献，首次强调了它们在土壤环境中的潜在作用。我们概述了它们的多样性和生物技术特性，强调了它们在土壤环境应用中的潜在作用。讨论了洞穴放线菌在土壤肥力、生物修复以及作物生物刺激和生物防治方面的作用。对文献的调查表明，洞穴生态系统中存在几个放线菌属，主要是 、 和 。在洞穴放线菌中， 是研究最多的属，因为它无处不在、生存能力强且代谢多样。尽管放线菌具有出色的能力和多样性，但我们对洞穴放线菌的分布、种群动态、生物地球化学过程和代谢仍然了解不足。需要鼓励对洞穴放线菌的研究，特别是关于环境土壤应用方面，以提高土壤肥力和健康状况，并对抗植物病原体。
