Li Wenyan, Lei Xuejiao, Feng Hua, Li Bingyun, Kong Jiming, Xing Malcolm
Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing 400038, China.
Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
Pharmaceutics. 2022 Jan 27;14(2):297. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020297.
The encapsulation of cells with various polyelectrolytes through layer-by-layer (LbL) has become a popular strategy in cellular function engineering. The technique sprang up in 1990s and obtained tremendous advances in multi-functionalized encapsulation of cells in recent years. This review comprehensively summarized the basis and applications in drug delivery by means of LbL cell encapsulation. To begin with, the concept and brief history of LbL and LbL cell encapsulation were introduced. Next, diverse types of materials, including naturally extracted and chemically synthesized, were exhibited, followed by a complicated basis of LbL assembly, such as interactions within multilayers, charge distribution, and films morphology. Furthermore, the review focused on the protective effects against adverse factors, and bioactive payloads incorporation could be realized via LbL cell encapsulation. Additionally, the payload delivery from cell encapsulation system could be adjusted by environment, redox, biological processes, and functional linkers to release payloads in controlled manners. In short, drug delivery via LbL cell encapsulation, which takes advantage of both cell grafts and drug activities, will be of great importance in basic research of cell science and biotherapy for various diseases.
通过层层（LbL）组装用各种聚电解质包裹细胞已成为细胞功能工程中的一种常用策略。该技术兴起于20世纪90年代，近年来在细胞的多功能包裹方面取得了巨大进展。本综述全面总结了通过LbL细胞包裹进行药物递送的基础及应用。首先，介绍了LbL和LbL细胞包裹的概念及简史。接着，展示了包括天然提取和化学合成在内的多种材料类型，随后阐述了LbL组装的复杂基础，如多层膜内的相互作用、电荷分布和薄膜形态。此外，该综述重点关注了对不利因素的保护作用，并且通过LbL细胞包裹可以实现生物活性载荷的掺入。另外，细胞包裹系统的载荷递送可通过环境、氧化还原、生物过程和功能性连接子进行调节，从而以可控方式释放载荷。简而言之，通过LbL细胞包裹进行药物递送，兼具细胞移植和药物活性的优势，在细胞科学基础研究和各种疾病的生物治疗中将具有重要意义。
