Kim Kimin, Park Jungjae, Sohn Yehjoo, Oh Chan-Eui, Park Ji-Ho, Yuk Jong-Min, Yeon Ju-Hun
Department of Integrative Biosciences, University of Brain Education, Cheonan 31228, Korea.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
Pharmaceutics. 2022 Feb 21;14(2):457. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020457.
Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are capable of efficiency delivering mRNAs, miRNAs, bioactive lipids, and proteins to mammalian cells. Plant-derived EVs critically contribute to the ability of plants to defend against pathogen attacks at the plant cell surface. They also represent a novel candidate natural substance that shows potential to be developed for food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical products. However, although plant-derived EVs are acknowledged as having potential for various industrial applications, little is known about how their stability is affected by storage conditions. In this study, we evaluated the stability of leaf-derived extracellular vesicles (LEVs) alone or combined with the preservatives, 1,3-butylene glycol (to yield LEVs-1,3-BG) or TMO (LEVs-TMO). We stored these formulations at -20, 4, 25, and 45 °C for up to 4 weeks, and compared the stability of fresh and stored LEVs. We also assessed the effect of freeze-thawing cycles on the quantity and morphology of the LEVs. We found that different storage temperatures and number of freeze-thawing cycles altered the stability, size distribution, protein content, surface charge, and cellular uptake of LEVs compared to those of freshly isolated LEVs. LEVs-TMO showed higher stability when stored at 4 °C, compared to LEVs and LEVs-1,3-BG. Our study provides comprehensive information on how storage conditions affect LEVs and suggests that the potential industrial applications of plant-derived EVs may be broadened by the use of preservatives.
植物源细胞外囊泡(EVs)能够有效地将信使核糖核酸(mRNAs)、微小核糖核酸(miRNAs)、生物活性脂质和蛋白质传递给哺乳动物细胞。植物源EVs对植物在细胞表面抵御病原体攻击的能力起着关键作用。它们还代表了一种新型的天然物质,具有开发用于食品、化妆品和药品的潜力。然而,尽管植物源EVs被认为具有各种工业应用潜力,但关于其稳定性如何受储存条件影响却知之甚少。在本研究中,我们评估了单独的叶源细胞外囊泡(LEVs)或与防腐剂1,3 - 丁二醇(得到LEVs - 1,3 - BG)或TMO(LEVs - TMO)组合后的稳定性。我们将这些制剂在-20℃、4℃、25℃和45℃下储存长达4周,并比较新鲜和储存后的LEVs的稳定性。我们还评估了冻融循环对LEVs数量和形态的影响。我们发现,与新鲜分离的LEVs相比,不同的储存温度和冻融循环次数改变了LEVs的稳定性、大小分布、蛋白质含量、表面电荷和细胞摄取。与LEVs和LEVs - 1,3 - BG相比,LEVs - TMO在4℃储存时表现出更高的稳定性。我们的研究提供了关于储存条件如何影响LEVs的全面信息,并表明使用防腐剂可能会拓宽植物源EVs的潜在工业应用。