Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
Nutrients. 2022 Feb 19;14(4):873. doi: 10.3390/nu14040873.
Whether there is an association between dietary quality and sleep disorder in American adults is unclear. We conducted this study to analyze whether dietary quality, using the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) scores as the measure, was associated with self-reported sleep disorders. Data came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2014). Step-weighted logistic regression models were performed to explore the relationships between the HEI-2015 scores and sleep disorder. Weighted quantile sum regression model was used to identify the HEI-2015 components most strongly associated with sleep disorders. According to quartiles, HEI scores were categorized into inadequate (<25%), average (25%-75%), and optimal (>75%). Compared to inadequate HEI status, average HEI status (OR: 0.961, 95%CI: 0.959-0.962) and optimal HEI status (OR: 0.913, 95% CI: 0.912-0.915) were associated with reduced risk of sleep disorder after multivariable adjustments. Greens and beans, added sugars, saturated fats, total vegetables and total protein foods were the top five important components for sleep disorders. Our results suggest that there is a statistically significant association between better dietary quality and reduced risk of sleep disorder among United States adults.
美国人的饮食质量与睡眠障碍之间是否存在关联尚不清楚。我们进行这项研究是为了分析饮食质量（以 2015 年健康饮食指数（HEI-2015）得分为衡量标准）是否与自我报告的睡眠障碍有关。数据来自全国健康和营养检查调查（2005-2014 年）。采用逐步加权逻辑回归模型来探讨 HEI-2015 得分与睡眠障碍之间的关系。采用加权分位数总和回归模型来确定与睡眠障碍关系最密切的 HEI-2015 成分。根据四分位数，将 HEI 得分分为不足（<25%）、平均（25%-75%）和最佳（>75%）。与不足的 HEI 状态相比，平均 HEI 状态（OR：0.961，95%CI：0.959-0.962）和最佳 HEI 状态（OR：0.913，95%CI：0.912-0.915）与调整后的多变量后睡眠障碍的风险降低相关。绿色蔬菜和豆类、添加糖、饱和脂肪、蔬菜总量和蛋白质总量是与睡眠障碍关系最密切的前五名重要成分。我们的研究结果表明，美国成年人的饮食质量越好，与睡眠障碍风险降低之间存在统计学显著关联。
