Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Feb 11;10:751985. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.751985. eCollection 2022.
The prevalence of functional limitations is relatively high among the middle-aged and older adults. However, the contribution of functional limitations to subsequent incident cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and death is unclear. This study aims to examine the association between functional limitations and incident CVD and all-cause mortality among the middle-aged and older adults.
This is a nationally representative prospective cohort study. Participants were middle-aged and older Chinese adults from The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Functional limitations were measured using activities of daily living (ADL) scale and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scale. Incident CVD and death were recorded at followed-up from June 1, 2011, up until August 31, 2018. Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the association between functional limitations and incident CVD and all-cause mortality.
A total of 11,013 participants were included in this study. During the 7 years of follow-up, 1,914 incident CVD and 1,182 incident deaths were identified. Participants with functional limitations were associated with a 23% increased risk of incident CVD (HR, 1.23, 95% CI:1.08,1.39) after adjusting for age, gender, residential area, marital status, education, smoking, alcohol drinking, sleep duration, nap duration, depression symptoms, social participation, history of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, use of hypertension medications, diabetes medications, and lipid-lowering therapy. Moreover, participants with functional limitations were associated with a 63% increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR,1.63, 95%CI: 1.41,1.89) after adjusting for potential confounders.
Functional limitations were significantly associated with subsequent incident CVD and death among the middle-aged and older Chinese adults.
功能障碍在中年和老年人中较为普遍。 然而，功能障碍对随后发生的心血管疾病（CVD）和死亡的影响尚不清楚。 本研究旨在探讨功能障碍与中年和老年人发生 CVD 和全因死亡率之间的关系。
这是一项全国代表性的前瞻性队列研究。 参与者为来自中国健康与退休纵向研究的中年和老年人。 使用日常生活活动（ADL）量表和工具性日常生活活动（IADL）量表来测量功能障碍。 从 2011 年 6 月 1 日起，在随访期间记录新发 CVD 和死亡事件，截至 2018 年 8 月 31 日。采用 Cox 比例风险模型评估功能障碍与新发 CVD 和全因死亡率之间的关系。
共有 11013 名参与者纳入本研究。 在 7 年的随访期间，共发生 1914 例新发 CVD 和 1182 例死亡事件。 校正年龄、性别、居住地区、婚姻状况、教育程度、吸烟、饮酒、睡眠时长、午睡时长、抑郁症状、社会参与、高血压史、糖尿病史、血脂异常、高血压药物使用、糖尿病药物使用和降脂治疗后，有功能障碍的参与者发生新发 CVD 的风险增加 23%（HR，1.23，95%CI：1.08，1.39）。 此外，校正潜在混杂因素后，有功能障碍的参与者全因死亡率增加 63%（HR，1.63，95%CI：1.41，1.89）。
功能障碍与中国中年和老年人随后发生的 CVD 和死亡显著相关。
