Department of Light Chemical Engineering, School of Textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, 450007 Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth Affiliation Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2022 Jan 24;27(2):40. doi: 10.31083/j.fbl2702040.
Recently, the incidence of hematological malignancy, such as various leukemias, multiple myeloma and lymphoma, has revealed an increasing tendency, exhibiting a major impact on human health. Most of the available anti-cancer drugs, however, possess high non-targeted accumulation, dosage-associated toxicity, fast elimination, and lack specificity towards tumors, which restrict their utilization in clinical therapy. This extends also to cancer diagnosis where there is a lack of predictive biomarkers.
Noble metal nanomaterials (NM NMs) have the potential to overcome these shortcomings due to several characteristics including ease of synthesis, ultra-small size, easy surface modification and specific physicochemical properties. At present, gold-, silver- and platinum-based nanomaterials have been employed in the tracing and treatment of hematopoietic tumors through direct individual endocytosis or in innovative drug delivery systems (DDS) by conjugation with other targeting biomolecules.
In this mini review, we focus on the use of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)-/surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)- and fluorescence-based diagnosis of NM NMs in the hematological malignancies. Furthermore, the treatment of hematological malignancies utilized the NM NMs or NM NMs-based therapy technology in the chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and photothermal therapy are depicted in depth. The construction of effective and promising NM NMs or NM NMs- dependent theranostic methodology has the potential to provide interdisciplinary knowledge in the development of clinical tracing, diagnosis and treatment of refractory hematological diseases.
近来，血液系统恶性肿瘤（如各种白血病、多发性骨髓瘤和淋巴瘤）的发病率呈上升趋势，对人类健康造成重大影响。然而，大多数现有的抗癌药物具有高非靶向性积累、剂量相关毒性、快速消除和对肿瘤缺乏特异性，这限制了它们在临床治疗中的应用。这也延伸到癌症诊断领域，缺乏预测性生物标志物。
由于易于合成、超小尺寸、易于表面修饰和特定的物理化学性质等特点，贵金属纳米材料（NM NMs）有可能克服这些缺点。目前，金、银和铂基纳米材料已通过直接个体内吞作用或通过与其他靶向生物分子缀合用于造血肿瘤的示踪和治疗，用于创新药物递送系统（DDS）。
在这篇迷你综述中，我们重点关注利用局域表面等离子体共振（LSPR）/表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）和荧光诊断 NM NMs 在血液恶性肿瘤中的应用。此外，深入描述了 NM NMs 或 NM NMs 为基础的治疗技术在化疗、靶向治疗和光热治疗中的血液恶性肿瘤治疗。构建有效的、有前途的 NM NMs 或 NM NMs 依赖的治疗方法有可能为临床追踪、诊断和治疗难治性血液疾病的发展提供跨学科知识。
