Alsahly Rakan Jaser, Aldawsari Abdulrahman Abbas, Alzaidy Nawaf Fahad, Al Jabr Faisal Ali, Alotaibi Mamdouh Mohammed, Mohammed Elsadig Yousef
College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia.
College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Clin Ophthalmol. 2022 Feb 22;16:453-460. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S355899. eCollection 2022.
To evaluate the association between dry eye disease (DED) symptoms and daily beverage intake among adults in Saudi Arabia.
In this cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study, we distributed an online questionnaire to men and women older than 18 years living in Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire consisted of items related to the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants and two validated indices: the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and the brief 15-item Beverage Intake Questionnaire (BEVQ-15). Participants were excluded if they were aged less than 18 years; wore contact lenses; had existing eye disease (excluding refractive errors), history of eye surgery (including corrective eye surgeries), or autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome); or were currently taking specific medications including antidepressants, antihistamines, and diuretics.
After applying the study exclusion criteria, a total of 615 participants were included in the statistical analysis. The majority of participants were 18-34 years old (450, 73.2%), and men (381, 62%) exceeded women (234, 38%) by approximately 1.5-fold. OSDI scores showed that 344 participants (55.9%) had DED symptoms, 145 (23.6%) had mild dry eyes; and 106 (17.2%) and 93 (15.1%) had moderate and severe dry eyes, respectively. There was a significant association between sex and DED symptoms (p = 0.012); the frequency of DED symptoms in women exceeded that in men. However, no significant differences were observed with other demographic data such as age and location of residence. Although beverage intake was moderately correlated to OSDI score (R = 0.27), we found no significant association between beverage intake and DED symptoms.
This is the first study to highlight the association between DED symptoms and daily beverage intake. We found a significant association between DED symptoms and female sex. However, no significant association was found between DED symptoms and other demographic characteristics or beverage intake.
评估沙特阿拉伯成年人干眼疾病（DED）症状与日常饮料摄入量之间的关联。
在这项基于问卷调查的横断面研究中，我们向居住在沙特阿拉伯的18岁以上男性和女性发放了一份在线问卷。问卷包括与参与者社会人口学特征相关的项目以及两个经过验证的指标：眼表疾病指数（OSDI）和15项简短饮料摄入问卷（BEVQ - 15）。如果参与者年龄小于18岁；佩戴隐形眼镜；患有现有的眼部疾病（不包括屈光不正）、眼部手术史（包括矫正眼部手术）或自身免疫性疾病（类风湿性关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、干燥综合征）；或者目前正在服用包括抗抑郁药、抗组胺药和利尿剂在内的特定药物，则将其排除。
应用研究排除标准后，共有615名参与者纳入统计分析。大多数参与者年龄在18 - 34岁之间（450名，73.2%），男性（381名，62%）比女性（234名，38%）多出约1.5倍。OSDI评分显示，344名参与者（55.9%）有DED症状，145名（23.6%）有轻度干眼；106名（17.2%）和93名（15.1%）分别有中度和重度干眼。性别与DED症状之间存在显著关联（p = 0.012）；女性DED症状的发生率超过男性。然而，在年龄和居住地点等其他人口统计学数据方面未观察到显著差异。虽然饮料摄入量与OSDI评分呈中度相关（R = 0.27），但我们发现饮料摄入量与DED症状之间无显著关联。
这是第一项强调DED症状与日常饮料摄入量之间关联的研究。我们发现DED症状与女性性别之间存在显著关联。然而，在DED症状与其他人口统计学特征或饮料摄入量之间未发现显著关联。
