Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Gut Microbes. 2022 Jan-Dec;14(1):2038856. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2038856.
The intestinal microbiota is recognized to play a role in the defense against infection, but conversely also acts as a reservoir for potentially pathogenic organisms. Disruption to the microbiome can increase the risk of invasive infection from these organisms; therefore, strategies to restore the composition of the gut microbiota are a potential strategy of key interest to mitigate this risk. Fecal (or Intestinal) Microbiota Transplantation (FMT/IMT), is the administration of minimally manipulated screened healthy donor stool to an affected recipient, and remains the major 'whole microbiome' therapeutic approach at present. Driven by the marked success of using FMT in the treatment of recurrent infection, the potential use of FMT in treating other infectious diseases is an area of active research. In this review, we discuss key examples of this treatment based on recent findings relating to the interplay between microbiota and infection, and potential further exploitations of FMT/IMT.
肠道微生物群被认为在抵御感染方面发挥作用，但反过来也可以作为潜在致病生物的储存库。微生物组的破坏会增加这些生物引起侵袭性感染的风险；因此，恢复肠道微生物组组成的策略是减轻这种风险的一个潜在的关键策略。粪便（或肠道）微生物群移植（FMT/IMT）是将经过最小处理的筛选过的健康供体粪便施用于受影响的受者，并且目前仍然是主要的“全微生物组”治疗方法。由于 FMT 在治疗复发性感染方面取得了显著成功，因此 FMT 在治疗其他传染病方面的潜在用途是一个活跃的研究领域。在这篇综述中，我们根据最近关于微生物群与感染之间相互作用的发现，讨论了这种治疗的一些关键例子，并探讨了 FMT/IMT 的潜在进一步应用。
