Plant Genetic Resource Group, Agricultural Science Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil.
Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 2;12(1):3472. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-06860-x.
Plant breeding reduces the genetic diversity of plants and could influence the composition, structure, and diversity of the rhizosphere microbiome, selecting more homogeneous and specialized microbes. In this study, we used 16S rRNA sequencing to assess the bacterial community in the rhizosphere of different lines and modern cowpea cultivars, to investigate the effect of cowpea breeding on bacterial community assembly. Thus, two African lines (IT85F-2687 and IT82D-60) and two Brazilian cultivars (BRS-Guariba and BRS-Tumucumaque) of cowpea were assessed to verify if the generation advance and genetic breeding influence the bacterial community in the rhizosphere. No significant differences were found in the structure, richness, and diversity of bacterial community structure between the rhizosphere of the different cowpea genotypes, and only slight differences were found at the OTU level. The complexity of the co-occurrence network decreased from African lines to Brazilian cultivars. Regarding functional prediction, the core functions were significantly altered according to the genotypes. In general, African lines presented a more abundance of groups related to chemoheterotrophy, while the rhizosphere of the modern cultivars decreased functions related to cellulolysis. This study showed that the genetic breeding process affects the dynamics of the rhizosphere community, decreasing the complexity of interaction in one cultivar. As these cowpea genotypes are genetically related, it could suggest a new hypothesis of how genetic breeding of similar genotypes could influence the rhizosphere microbiome.
植物育种会降低植物的遗传多样性，并可能影响根际微生物组的组成、结构和多样性，选择更同质和专业化的微生物。在这项研究中，我们使用 16S rRNA 测序来评估不同系和现代豇豆品种根际的细菌群落，以研究豇豆育种对细菌群落组装的影响。因此，我们评估了两个非洲系（IT85F-2687 和 IT82D-60）和两个巴西品种（BRS-Guariba 和 BRS-Tumucumaque）的豇豆，以验证代际推进和遗传育种是否会影响根际的细菌群落。不同豇豆基因型根际的细菌群落结构、丰富度和多样性没有显著差异，仅在 OTU 水平上存在细微差异。共生网络的复杂性从非洲系下降到巴西品种。关于功能预测，根据基因型，核心功能发生了显著变化。总的来说，非洲系表现出与化能异养相关的群体更丰富，而现代品种的根际减少了与纤维素分解相关的功能。这项研究表明，遗传育种过程会影响根际群落的动态，降低一个品种中相互作用的复杂性。由于这些豇豆基因型在遗传上是相关的，这可能提出了一个新的假设，即类似基因型的遗传育种如何影响根际微生物组。
