Riedesser Julian E, Ebert Matthias P, Betge Johannes
Junior Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology and Preclinical Models, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, GermanyMannheim Cancer Center, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2022 Jan 19;14:17588359211072703. doi: 10.1177/17588359211072703. eCollection 2022.
Globally, metastatic colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes for cancer-related death. Treatment limited to conventional chemotherapeutics extended life for only a few months. However, advances in surgical approaches and medical treatment regimens have greatly increased survival, even leading to long-term remission in selected patients. Advances in multiomics analysis of tumors have built a foundation for molecular-targeted therapies. Furthermore, immunotherapies are on the edge of revolutionizing oncological practice. This review summarizes recent advances in the growing toolbox of personalized treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. We provide an overview of current multimodal therapy and explain novel immunotherapy and targeted therapy approaches in detail. We emphasize clinically relevant therapies, such as inhibitors of MAPK signaling, and give recommendations for clinical practice. Finally, we describe the potential predictive impact of molecular subtypes and provide an outlook on novel concepts, such as functional precision medicine.
在全球范围内，转移性结直肠癌是癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一。仅采用传统化疗药物进行治疗，患者的生存期仅能延长几个月。然而，手术方法和医疗治疗方案的进展极大地提高了生存率，甚至使部分患者实现了长期缓解。肿瘤多组学分析的进展为分子靶向治疗奠定了基础。此外，免疫疗法正处于彻底改变肿瘤学治疗模式的边缘。本综述总结了转移性结直肠癌患者个性化治疗不断丰富的工具包中的最新进展。我们概述了当前的多模式治疗，并详细解释了新型免疫疗法和靶向治疗方法。我们强调了临床相关疗法，如MAPK信号通路抑制剂，并给出了临床实践建议。最后，我们描述了分子亚型的潜在预测作用，并展望了新型概念，如功能精准医学。
