Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Feb 14;12:824039. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.824039. eCollection 2022.
Uropathogenic (UPEC) is the main etiological agent of urinary tract infection (UTI), a widespread infectious disease of great impact on human health. This is further emphasized by the rapidly increase in antimicrobial resistance in UPEC, which compromises UTI treatment. UPEC biology is highly complex since uropathogens must adopt extracellular and intracellular lifestyles and adapt to different niches in the host. In this context, the implementation of forefront 'omics' technologies has provided substantial insight into the understanding of UPEC pathogenesis, which has opened the doors for new therapeutics and prophylactics discovery programs. Thus, 'omics' technologies applied to studies of UPEC during UTI, or in models of UTI, have revealed extensive lists of factors that are important for the ability of UPEC to cause disease. The multitude of large 'omics' datasets that have been generated calls for scrutinized analysis of specific factors that may be of interest for further development of novel treatment strategies. In this review, we describe main UPEC determinants involved in UTI as estimated by 'omics' studies, and we compare prediction of factors across the different 'omics' technologies, with a focus on those that have been confirmed to be relevant under UTI-related conditions. We also discuss current challenges and future perspectives regarding analysis of data to provide an overview and better understanding of UPEC mechanisms involved in pathogenesis which should assist in the selection of target sites for future prophylaxis and treatment.
尿路致病性（UPEC）是尿路感染（UTI）的主要病因，UTI 是一种对人类健康有重大影响的广泛传染病。UPEC 对抗菌药物的耐药性迅速增加，这使得 UTI 的治疗更加复杂，进一步强调了这一点。UPEC 的生物学非常复杂，因为尿路病原体必须采用细胞外和细胞内的生活方式，并适应宿主中的不同小生境。在这种情况下，前沿的“组学”技术的实施为理解 UPEC 发病机制提供了大量的见解，为新的治疗和预防发现计划开辟了道路。因此，在 UTI 期间或在 UTI 模型中应用“组学”技术研究 UPEC，揭示了大量对 UPEC 致病能力很重要的因素。已经产生了大量的大型“组学”数据集，这需要对可能对新型治疗策略的进一步发展有兴趣的特定因素进行仔细分析。在这篇综述中，我们描述了通过“组学”研究估计的与 UTI 相关的主要 UPEC 决定因素，并比较了不同“组学”技术对因素的预测，重点是那些在与 UTI 相关的条件下被证实相关的因素。我们还讨论了分析数据以提供对涉及发病机制的 UPEC 机制的概述和更好理解的当前挑战和未来展望，这应有助于为未来的预防和治疗选择目标部位。
