Liang Ziwei, Shen Jiadong, Xu Xijun, Li Fangkun, Liu Jun, Yuan Bin, Yu Yan, Zhu Min
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510641, China.
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
Adv Mater. 2022 Jul;34(30):e2200102. doi: 10.1002/adma.202200102. Epub 2022 Jun 7.
Although lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are promising next-generation energy-storage systems, their practical applications are limited by the growth of Li dendrites and lithium polysulfide shuttling. These problems can be mitigated through the use of single-atom catalysts (SACs), which exhibit the advantages of maximal atom utilization efficiency (≈100%) and unique catalytic properties, thus effectively enhancing the performance of electrode materials in energy-storage devices. This review systematically summarizes the recent progress in SACs intended for use in Li-metal anodes, S cathodes, and separators, briefly introducing the operating principles of Li-S batteries, the action mechanisms of the corresponding SACs, and the fundamentals of SACs activity, and then comprehensively describes the main strategies for SACs synthesis. Subsequently, the applications of SACs and the principles of SACs operation in reinforced Li-S batteries as well as other metal-S batteries are individually illustrated, and the major challenges of SACs usage in Li-S batteries as well as future development directions are presented.
尽管锂硫（Li-S）电池是很有前景的下一代储能系统，但其实际应用受到锂枝晶生长和多硫化锂穿梭的限制。通过使用单原子催化剂（SAC）可以缓解这些问题，单原子催化剂具有最大原子利用效率（约100%）和独特催化性能的优点，从而有效提高储能装置中电极材料的性能。本文综述系统总结了用于锂金属负极、硫正极和隔膜的单原子催化剂的最新进展，简要介绍了锂硫电池的工作原理、相应单原子催化剂的作用机制以及单原子催化剂活性的基本原理，然后全面描述了单原子催化剂的主要合成策略。随后，分别阐述了单原子催化剂在增强锂硫电池以及其他金属硫电池中的应用和作用原理，并提出了单原子催化剂在锂硫电池中应用的主要挑战以及未来的发展方向。
