Bunning R A, Richardson H J, Crawford A, Skjodt H, Hughes D, Evans D B, Gowen M, Dobson P R, Brown B L, Russell R G
Agents Actions Suppl. 1986;18:131-52. doi: 10.1007/978-3-0348-7684-1_19.
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is the name given to a family of related proteins showing a variety of activities. It was originally shown to be produced by monocytes and macrophages but is now known to be produced by numerous cell types, including synovial cells. From the point of view of arthritis, its most interesting activities are those on connective tissue cells in vitro. These include stimulation of production of prostaglandins, plasminogen activator and metalloproteinases such as collagenase and proteoglycanase. IL-1 is also mitogenic for synoviocytes and bone cells, and can alter rates of production of extracellular matrix constituents. The presence of IL-1 in synovial fluids from rheumatoid and osteoarthritic joints and its actions on connective tissues in vitro suggest that IL-1 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of arthritis. There are several potential cellular sources of IL-1 in the inflamed rheumatoid joint and interactions between these cells, T lymphocytes and plasma cells may continually induce IL-1 so contributing to the chronicity of the disease. The mechanism of action of IL-1 on connective tissue cells is at present uncertain though preliminary studies suggest that IL-1 may induce cellular responses by stimulating phosphoinositide turnover and possibly protein kinase C activity.
白细胞介素-1（IL-1）是一类具有多种活性的相关蛋白质家族的名称。最初发现它由单核细胞和巨噬细胞产生，但现在已知它可由多种细胞类型产生，包括滑膜细胞。从关节炎的角度来看，其最有趣的活性是在体外对结缔组织细胞的作用。这些作用包括刺激前列腺素、纤溶酶原激活物以及金属蛋白酶（如胶原酶和蛋白聚糖酶）的产生。IL-1对滑膜细胞和骨细胞也有促有丝分裂作用，并可改变细胞外基质成分的产生速率。类风湿性关节炎和骨关节炎关节滑液中存在IL-1及其在体外对结缔组织的作用表明，IL-1可能在关节炎的发病机制中起重要作用。在发炎的类风湿关节中，IL-1有几种潜在的细胞来源，这些细胞、T淋巴细胞和浆细胞之间的相互作用可能持续诱导IL-1产生，从而导致疾病的慢性化。尽管初步研究表明IL-1可能通过刺激磷酸肌醇代谢周转以及可能的蛋白激酶C活性来诱导细胞反应，但目前IL-1对结缔组织细胞的作用机制尚不确定。
