Wang Jingjing, Li Yaping, Geng Xiaozhen, Zhang Xin, Xiao Yanfeng, Wang Wenjun
Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
Int J Gen Med. 2022 Feb 25;15:2187-2195. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S355263. eCollection 2022.
Most infections of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which is potentially neurotropic, occur in childhood, but little is known about its association with child neurodevelopmental outcomes.
We investigated whether EBV seropositivity was associated with parent-reported attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), learning disability, or special education utilization among children, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004. Potential confounding factors were adjusted using survey logistic regression models.
EBV seroprevalence was 69.6% (95% CI, 67.1-72.1%) for US children aged 6-19. The prevalence was 8.86% (95% CI, 7.47-10.47%) for ADHD among 6-19 year olds, 11.70% (95% CI, 9.84-13.87%) for learning disability among 6-15 year olds, and 10.18% (95% CI, 8.58-12.05%) for special education among 6-17 year olds. Children with positive anti-EBV had higher crude prevalence rates of learning disability and special education but not ADHD compared with those with negative anti-EBV. The adjusted odds ratios were 2.76 (95% CI, 1.53-4.96) for learning disability, 3.58 (95% CI, 1.92-6.55) for special education, and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.42-1.38) for ADHD, when comparing children with positive and negative anti-EBV.
EBV seropositivity was associated with learning disability and special education among US children. Future studies that longitudinally examine the associations are warranted.
爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）具有潜在的嗜神经性，大多数EBV感染发生在儿童期，但关于其与儿童神经发育结局的关联却知之甚少。
我们利用2003 - 2004年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据，调查了EBV血清学阳性与家长报告的儿童注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）、学习障碍或特殊教育利用情况之间是否存在关联。使用调查逻辑回归模型对潜在的混杂因素进行了调整。
美国6 - 19岁儿童的EBV血清阳性率为69.6%（95%置信区间，67.1 - 72.1%）。6 - 19岁儿童中ADHD的患病率为8.86%（95%置信区间，7.47 - 10.47%），6 - 15岁儿童中学习障碍的患病率为11.70%（95%置信区间，9.84 - 13.87%），6 - 17岁儿童中特殊教育的患病率为10.18%（95%置信区间，8.58 - 12.05%）。与抗EBV阴性的儿童相比，抗EBV阳性的儿童学习障碍和特殊教育的粗患病率更高，但ADHD并非如此。在比较抗EBV阳性和阴性的儿童时，学习障碍的调整比值比为2.76（95%置信区间，1.53 - 4.96），特殊教育为3.58（95%置信区间，1.92 - 6.55），ADHD为0.77（95%置信区间，0.42 - 1.38）。
在美国儿童中，EBV血清学阳性与学习障碍和特殊教育有关。有必要开展纵向研究以检验这些关联。
