Cheng Wei, Wang Yunfei, Ding Nan, Xie Rutao
Surgery Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to ShanghaiUniversity of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Front Nutr. 2025 Jan 3;11:1496410. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1496410. eCollection 2024.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a globally prevalent herpes virus associated with multiple diseases. Oxidative stress is closely related to EBV infection, latency, reactivation, and transformation. Antioxidant diet protects against EBV infection. Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI), serving as a key measure of antioxidant intake, is a summary score of six dietary antioxidants, including vitamins A, C, and E, carotenoid, selenium, and zinc. Despite this, the association between CDAI and EBV infection remains uncertain.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between CDAI and EBV infection using cross-sectional data from 3,318 children aged 6-19 years who participated in the American National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2007 and 2010. Data on EBV results, CDAI, and several other essential variables were analyzed.
Compared with that of individuals in Q3 (-1.627--0.2727) in the multivariate weighted logistic regression model with full adjustment for confounding variables, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for CDAI and EBV infection in those in Q1 (-6.613 - -2.9157), Q2 (-2.9158--1.626), Q4 (-0.2728-1.7601), and Q5 (1.7602-21.419) was 1.41 (95% CI: 1.01-1.96, = 0.043), 1.10 (95% CI: 0.84-1.45, = 0.447), 1.14 (95% CI: 0.86-1.51, = 0.343), and 1.41 (95% CI: 1.01-1.98, = 0.044), respectively. The association between CDAI and EBV infection showed a U-shaped curve (non-linear; = 0.002). The OR of reducing EBV infection was 0.882 (95% CI: 0.792-0.982, = 0.025) in participants with a CDAI of ≤ - 0.81. The OR of developing EBV infection was 1.055 (95% CI: 1.000-1.114, = 0.050) in participants with a CDAI of > - 0.81.
Our results indicated that the association between CDAI and EBV infection in U.S. adolescents follows a U-shaped curve, with an inflection point around -0.81.This suggests that an antioxidant-rich diet in some amount could help reduce the risk of EBV infection. Future prospective and experimental studies are needed to confirm causality and clarify the exact mechanism concerning antioxidant diets with EBV infection.
爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）是一种在全球流行的疱疹病毒，与多种疾病相关。氧化应激与EBV感染、潜伏、再激活及转化密切相关。抗氧化饮食可预防EBV感染。复合膳食抗氧化指数（CDAI）作为抗氧化剂摄入量的关键指标，是维生素A、C、E、类胡萝卜素、硒和锌六种膳食抗氧化剂的综合评分。尽管如此，CDAI与EBV感染之间的关联仍不确定。
本研究旨在利用2007年至2010年参加美国国家健康与营养检查调查的3318名6至19岁儿童的横断面数据，评估CDAI与EBV感染之间的关联。分析了EBV检测结果、CDAI及其他几个重要变量的数据。
在对混杂变量进行完全调整的多变量加权逻辑回归模型中，与Q3（-1.627--0.2727）个体相比，Q1（-6.613 - -2.9157）、Q2（-2.9158--1.626）、Q4（-0.2728-1.7601）和Q5（1.7602-21.419）个体中CDAI与EBV感染的调整优势比（OR）分别为1.41（95%置信区间：1.01-1.96，P = 0.043）、1.10（95%置信区间：0.84-1.45，P = 0.447）、1.14（95%置信区间：0.86-1.51，P = 0.343）和1.41（95%置信区间：1.01-1.98，P = 0.044）。CDAI与EBV感染之间的关联呈U形曲线（非线性；P = 0.002）。CDAI≤ -0.81的参与者中，降低EBV感染的OR为0.882（95%置信区间：0.792-0.982，P = 0.025）。CDAI> -0.81的参与者中，发生EBV感染的OR为1.055（95%置信区间：1.000-1.114，P = 0.050）。
我们的结果表明，美国青少年中CDAI与EBV感染之间的关联呈U形曲线，拐点约为-0.81。这表明一定量的富含抗氧化剂的饮食有助于降低EBV感染风险。未来需要进行前瞻性和实验性研究，以确认因果关系并阐明抗氧化饮食与EBV感染的确切机制。
