Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany.
School of Film, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
Exp Psychol. 2021 Nov;68(6):285-294. doi: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000531.
The accurate decoding of facial emotion expressions lies at the center of many research traditions in psychology. Much of this research, while paying lip service to the importance of context in emotion perception, has used stimuli that were carefully created to be deprived of contextual information. The participants' task is to associate the expression shown in the face with a label, essentially changing a social perception task into a cognitive task. In fact, in many cases, the task can be carried out correctly without engaging emotion recognition at all. The present article argues that infusing context in emotion perception does not only add an additional source of information but changes the way that participants approach the task by rendering it a social perception task rather than a cognitive task. Importantly, distinguishing between accuracy (perceiving the intended emotions) and bias (perceiving additional emotions to those intended) leads to a more nuanced understanding of social emotion perception. Results from several studies that use the Assessment of Contextual Emotions demonstrate the significance and social functionality of simultaneously considering emotion decoding accuracy and bias for social interaction in different cultures, their key personality and societal correlates, and their function for close relationships processes.
面部情绪表达的准确解码是心理学中许多研究传统的核心。尽管这项研究口头上强调了情境在情绪感知中的重要性，但它使用的刺激物是经过精心设计的，以剥夺情境信息。参与者的任务是将面部呈现的表情与标签联系起来，本质上将社会感知任务转变为认知任务。事实上，在许多情况下，即使不进行情感识别，任务也可以正确完成。本文认为，在情感感知中注入情境不仅增加了额外的信息来源，而且通过将任务转变为社会感知任务而不是认知任务，改变了参与者的处理方式。重要的是，区分准确性（感知到预期的情绪）和偏差（感知到预期之外的情绪）可以更细致地理解社会情感感知。使用《情境情绪评估》进行的几项研究的结果表明，同时考虑不同文化中社交互动的情绪解码准确性和偏差、它们的关键个性和社会相关因素以及它们对亲密关系过程的功能，对于社会情绪感知具有重要意义和社会功能。
