Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Department of Medicine, Montefiore Health System, New York, New York, USA.
Am J Hypertens. 2022 Mar 8;35(3):217-224. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpab187.
Hypertension is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Although controlling blood pressure reduces cardiovascular and stroke mortality and target organ damage, poor blood pressure control remains a clinical and public health challenge. Furthermore, racial and ethnic disparities in the outcomes of hypertension are well documented. In October of 2020, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services published The Surgeon General's Call to Action to Control Hypertension. The Call to Action emphasized, among other priorities, the need to eliminate disparities in the treatment and control of high blood pressure and to address social determinants as root causes of inequities in blood pressure control and treatment. In support of the goals set in the Call to Action, this review summarizes contemporary research on racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities in hypertension and blood pressure control; describes interventions and policies that have improved blood pressure control in minoritized populations by addressing the social determinants of health; and proposes next steps for achieving equity in hypertension and blood pressure control.
高血压是心血管疾病的既定危险因素。尽管控制血压可以降低心血管疾病和中风的死亡率以及靶器官损害，但血压控制不佳仍然是临床和公共卫生面临的挑战。此外，高血压的结局在不同种族和民族之间存在明显差异。2020 年 10 月，美国卫生与公众服务部发布了《卫生与公众服务部长关于控制高血压的行动呼吁》。该行动呼吁强调，除其他优先事项外，需要消除高血压治疗和控制方面的差异，解决社会决定因素，这些因素是导致血压控制和治疗不平等的根源。为了支持该行动呼吁中设定的目标，本综述总结了高血压和血压控制方面的种族、民族和社会经济差异的当代研究；描述了通过解决健康的社会决定因素来改善少数族裔人群血压控制的干预措施和政策；并提出了在实现高血压和血压控制公平方面的下一步措施。
