Department of Ophthalmology, Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France.
ANJO, Association Nationale Des Jeunes Ophtalmologistes, Centre Hospitalier National des 15-20, 28, Rue de Charenton, 75012, Paris, France.
Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 8;12(1):4069. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-08149-5.
Undetected refractive errors (REs) in children can lead to irreversible vision loss. This study aimed to show the proportions of REs in French children using cycloplegic refraction. Multicentre cross-sectional retrospective study including children with cycloplegic refraction and without associated ocular conditions from 2015 to 2018 in French eye clinics. The following data were collected: age, symptoms of eye strain, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), cycloplegic refraction. The analysis included 48,163 children (mean age: 7.75 years, range: 2 to 12 years). The proportion of each RE was as follows: emmetropia (- 0.50 < Spherical Equivalent (SE) ≤ + 2.0; 58.3%), hyperopia (+ 2.0 [Formula: see text] SE [Formula: see text]+5; 17.2%), myopia (- 6 [Formula: see text] SE [Formula: see text]- 0.50; 15.5%), high myopia (SE < - 6; 0.5%), high hyperopia (SE > + 5; 3.6%), mixed astigmatism (4.9%). Anisometropia (SE difference ≥ 1.5) was found in 5.0%. Functional amblyopia in children attending primary school (aged over 6 years) was encountered in 2.7%. Symptoms of eye strain were frequent (70%) but not specific to any RE. REs are frequently found in French children and may remain undetected in the absence of symptoms of eye strain. Few studies have investigated REs in children using cycloplegic refraction, which has been shown to be the gold standard for RE assessment.
未被发现的儿童屈光不正（RE）可导致不可逆转的视力丧失。本研究旨在使用睫状肌麻痹验光显示法国儿童的 RE 比例。这是一项多中心、回顾性、横断面研究，纳入了 2015 年至 2018 年法国眼科诊所中接受睫状肌麻痹验光且无其他眼部疾病的儿童。收集的数据包括年龄、眼疲劳症状、最佳矫正视力（BCVA）和睫状肌麻痹验光结果。分析纳入了 48163 名儿童（平均年龄：7.75 岁，范围：2 至 12 岁）。每种屈光不正的比例如下：正视眼（-0.50 < 等效球镜度（SE）≤ +2.0；58.3%）、远视（+2.0 [公式：见正文] SE [公式：见正文]+5；17.2%）、近视（-6 [公式：见正文] SE [公式：见正文]-0.50；15.5%）、高度近视（SE < -6；0.5%）、高度远视（SE > +5；3.6%）、混合性散光（4.9%）。差异≥1.5 的屈光参差（SE 差异≥1.5）占 5.0%。在接受小学教育（年龄超过 6 岁）的儿童中，功能性弱视的发生率为 2.7%。眼疲劳症状很常见（70%），但与任何屈光不正都没有特异性。RE 在法国儿童中很常见，在没有眼疲劳症状的情况下可能无法被发现。很少有研究使用睫状肌麻痹验光来调查儿童的屈光不正，该方法已被证明是评估屈光不正的金标准。
